An integrated study of Nipah virus eco-epidemiology at the flying-fox/human interface in Cambodia

Cappelle Julien, Thavry Hoem, Furey Neil M., Vibol Hul, Prigent Steven, Epstein Jonathan H., Ngamprasertwong Thongchai, Visal Hok, Veasna Duong, Sowath Ly, Duboz Raphaël, Tran Annelise, Dussart Philippe, Tarantola Arnaud, Binot Aurélie. 2017. An integrated study of Nipah virus eco-epidemiology at the flying-fox/human interface in Cambodia. In : 5th International Berlin Bat Meeting: Are bats special?. Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research. Berlin : Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Résumé, 41-42. International Berlin Bat Meeting (IBBM 2017): Are bats special?. 5, Berlin, Allemagne, 24 Février 2017/26 Février 2017.

Résumé : Nipah virus (NiV) was first reported in Malaysia in 1998 after the virus emerged in pigs, causing 265 human, with 105 deaths. Flying foxes are considered to be the main reservoir of the virus which re-emerged in Bangladesh and India where over 200 human cases have been identified since 2001. Evidence of NiV circulation in flying fox populations has been reported in Thailand and Cambodia but little is known in South East Asia about the risk of transmission of NiV to domestic animals and Humans. In order to better assess the risk of emergence of Nipah virus in Cambodia, we implemented a multidisciplinary study involving researchers (in ecology, epidemiology, virology, genetics, anthropology and modelling), conservationists and local and national authorities. We monitored the population dynamics and the diet of a colony of Lyle's flying fox (Pteropus lylei) as well as the circulation of Nipah virus in the urine of these bats. We investigated the perception of the bats by local communities and their practices relating them to the bats (such as hunting, collecting guano, harvesting fruits, harvesting and drinking palm juice). We studied the bat / human interface by deploying GPS collars on 14 bats. Our results show seasonal patterns in both population dynamics and virus circulation, allowing us to identify a period when local communities' practices may put them at a higher risk of contamination. The GPS locations of the bats during this period reveal potential routes of transmission of the virus from the bats to the humans and areas with increased potential contacts. A serological survey of people living in these areas was subsequently implemented. The development of an integrative model and participatory approaches are being used to help transfer this knowledge and to advocate the use of prevention measures, despite the absence of a perceived risk by local communities. (Texte intégral)

Classification Agris : L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L73 - Maladies des animaux
000 - Autres thèmes
U30 - Méthodes de recherche

Auteurs et affiliations

• Cappelle Julien, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-7668-1971
• Thavry Hoem, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Furey Neil M., Fauna and Flora International (KHM)
• Vibol Hul, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Prigent Steven, CNRS (FRA)
• Epstein Jonathan H., EcoHealth Alliance (USA)
• Ngamprasertwong Thongchai, Chulalongkorn University (THA)
• Visal Hok, Royal University of Phnom Penh (KHM)
• Veasna Duong, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Sowath Ly, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Duboz Raphaël, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (KHM) ORCID: 0000-0002-2853-6195
• Tran Annelise, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (REU) ORCID: 0000-0001-5463-332X
• Dussart Philippe, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Tarantola Arnaud, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Binot Aurélie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (THA) ORCID: 0000-0002-0295-4241

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/585738/)

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