Ecological distribution and population dynamics of Rift Valley fever virus mosquito vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Senegal

Biteye Biram, Fall Assane Gueye, Ciss Mamadou, Seck Momar Talla, Apolloni Andrea, Fall Moussa, Tran Annelise, Gimonneau Geoffrey. 2018. Ecological distribution and population dynamics of Rift Valley fever virus mosquito vectors (Diptera, Culicidae) in Senegal. Parasites and Vectors, 11:27, 10 p.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-017-2591-9

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Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/LINKQD / Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/IQ2J1L

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : TROPICAL MEDICINE / Quartile : Q1, Sujet : PARASITOLOGY

Résumé : Background: Many zoonotic infectious diseases have emerged and re-emerged over the last two decades. There has been a significant increase in vector-borne diseases due to climate variations that lead to environmental changes favoring the development and adaptation of vectors. This study was carried out to improve knowledge of the ecology of mosquito vectors involved in the transmission of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) in Senegal. Methods: An entomological survey was conducted in three Senegalese agro-systems, Senegal River Delta (SRD), Senegal River Valley (SRV) and Ferlo, during the rainy season (July to November) of 2014 and 2015. Mosquitoes were trapped using CDC light traps set at ten sites for two consecutive nights during each month of the rainy season, for a total of 200 night-traps. Ecological indices were calculated to characterize the different populations of RVFV mosquito vectors. Generalized linear models with mixed effects were used to assess the influence of climatic conditions on the abundance of RVFV mosquito vectors. Results: A total of 355,408 mosquitoes belonging to 7 genera and 35 species were captured in 200 night-traps. RVFV vectors represented 89.02% of the total, broken down as follows: Ae. vexans arabiensis (31.29%), Cx. poicilipes (0.6%), Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (33.09%) and Ma. uniformis (24.04%). Comparison of meteorological indices (rainfall, temperature, relative humidity), abundances and species diversity indicated that there were no significant differences between SRD and SRV (P = 0.36) while Ferlo showed significant differences with both (P < 0.001). Mosquito collection increased significantly with temperature for Ae. vexans arabiensis (P < 0.001), Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (P = 0.04) and Ma. uniformis (P = 0.01), while Cx. poicilipes decreased (P = 0.003). Relative humidity was positively and significantly associated with the abundances of Ae. vexans arabiensis (P < 0.001), Cx. poicilipes (P = 0.01) and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (P = 0.007). Rainfall had a positive and significant effect on the abundances of Ae. vexans arabiensis (P = 0.005). The type of biotope (temporary ponds, river or lake) around the trap points had a significant effect on the mosquito abundances (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In terms of species diversity, the SRD and SRV ecosystems are similar to each other and different from that of Ferlo. Meteorological indices and the type of biotope (river, lake or temporary pond) have significant effects on the abundance of RVFV mosquito vectors.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Culicidae, dynamique des populations, distribution géographique, écologie animale, vecteur de maladie, Virus de la fièvre de la vallée du Rift, biotope, conditions météorologiques, entomologie, Enquête organismes nuisibles

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Sénégal

Mots-clés libres : Ecology, Mosquito vectors, Rift Valley fever virus, Senegal, Biotope, Meteorology

Classification Agris : L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L73 - Maladies des animaux
L20 - Écologie animale

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission

Programme de financement européen : FP7

Projets sur financement : (EU) Emerging viral vector borne diseases

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