Coviability in the governance of pastoral systems, permanence and change. How does the governance of pastoral systems appeal to the coviability concept?

Taher Srairi Mohamed, Tourrand Jean-François, Long Ruijun, Faye Adama, Grosskopf Hermes Morales, Coronato Fernando Raul, Corniaux Christian, Hubert Bernard. 2018. Coviability in the governance of pastoral systems, permanence and change. How does the governance of pastoral systems appeal to the coviability concept?. In : Coviability of social and ecological systems: reconnecting mankind to the biosphere in an era of global change. Vol. 1: The foundations of a new paradigm. Barrière Olivier (ed), Behnassi Mohamed (ed.), Douzal Vincent (ed.), Fargette Mireille (ed.), Libourel Thérèse (ed.), Loireau Maud (ed.), Pascal Laurence (ed.), Prost Catherine (ed.), Ravena-Cañete Voyner (ed.), Seyler Frédérique (ed.), Morand Serge (ed.). Cham : Springer, 387-409. ISBN 978-3-319-78496-0

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78497-7_16

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Résumé : Why does the governance of pastoral systems need to be based on coviability? Below, brief comments are presented about the coviability concept in pastoral systems: a collective approach of viability due to: first, the permanent interactions between farming systems at various scales (household, family, tribe), and secondly the need to establish rules to avoid the tragedy of commons. Based on pastoral systems located in five contrasted contexts from bioclimatic and socio-economic points of view (Tibetan Plateau, Mediterranean, Sahel, Pampa and South Patagonia), the authors describe the strong interactions between the farming systems at different scales in diverse domains: herd management, innovation, strategies to face risks, marketing, lobbying, social and cultural issues, etc. Then, they demonstrate how the local societies progressively have been constrained to established rules to access the rangeland, firstly when resources were not sufficient (tragedy of the commons) and more recently with the new environmental challenge leading to functional integrity which is coviability at the level of the rangeland management. Indeed, functional integrity refers to the collective level in the sustainable management of rangeland resources: coordination, short and long term planning of the use of resources, promoting ecosystem services, control and prevention of conflicts, considering the hopes and the fears of the local people, etc. The authors conclude with three scenarios for pastoral systems according to the level of sustainable rangeland management goals and coviability adopted by breeder societies at a local scale: rapid disappearance in the global market, resistance and protection as heritage, sustainable rangeland management and gold coviability based on functional integrity.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : pastoralisme, système d'exploitation agricole, terre communale, gouvernance, gestion des ressources naturelles, pâturages, services écosystémiques, approche participative

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Sénégal, Égypte, Uruguay, Argentine, Tibet, Sahel

Mots-clés géographiques complémentaires : Patagonie

Classification Agris : L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales
P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

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