Highlighting convergent evolution in morphological traits in response to climatic gradient in African tropical tree species: the case of genus Guibourtia Benn

Tosso Félicien, Doucet Jean-Louis, Daïnou Kasso, Fayolle Adeline, Hambuckers Alain, Doumenge Charles, Agbazahou Honoré, Stoffelen Piet, Hardy Olivier J.. 2019. Highlighting convergent evolution in morphological traits in response to climatic gradient in African tropical tree species: the case of genus Guibourtia Benn. Ecology and Evolution, 9 (23) : 13114-13126.

https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.5740

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Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.cjsxksn1r

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : ECOLOGY / Quartile : Q3, Sujet : EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY

Résumé : Adaptive evolution is a major driver of organism diversification, but the links between phenotypic traits and environmental niche remain little documented in tropical trees. Moreover, trait‐niche relationships are complex because a correlation between the traits and environmental niches displayed by a sample of species may result from (a) convergent evolution if different environmental conditions have selected different sets of traits, and/or (b) phylogenetic inertia if niche and morphological differences between species are simply function of their phylogenetic divergence, in which case the trait‐niche correlation does not imply any direct causal link. Here, we aim to assess the respective roles of phylogenetic inertia and convergent evolution in shaping the differences of botanical traits and environmental niches among congeneric African tree species that evolved in different biomes. 2. This issue was addressed with the tree genus Guibourtia Benn. (Leguminosae and Detarioideae), which contains 13 African species occupying various forest habitat types, from rain forest to dry woodlands, with different climate and soil conditions. To this end, we combined morphological data with ecological niche modelling and used a highly resolved plastid phylogeny of the 13 African Guibourtia species. 3. First, we demonstrated phylogenetic signals in both morphological traits (Mantel test between phylogenetic and morphological distances between species: r = .24, p = .031) and environmental niches (Mantel test between phylogenetic and niche distances between species: r = .23, p = .025). Second, we found a significant correlation between morphology and niche, at least between some of their respective dimensions (Mantel's r = .32, p = .013), even after accounting for phylogenetic inertia (Phylogenetic Independent Contrast: r = .69, p = .018). This correlation occurred between some leaflet and flower traits and solar radiation, relative humidity, precipitations, and temperature range.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : forêt tropicale humide, écologie forestière, arbre forestier, morphologie végétale, phénotype, phénologie, taxonomie, climatologie

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Afrique

Mots-clés complémentaires : Guibourtia

Mots-clés libres : Evolutionary ecology, Guibourtia, Niche comparison, Phenotypic adaptation, Phylogenetic Independent Contrast, Phylogenetic signal, Speciation, Taxonomy

Classification Agris : K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales
F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes
F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie
P40 - Météorologie et climatologie

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 1 (2019-) - Biodiversité

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