Adaptation of eucalypt trees to water and nutrient deficiencies: Insights from Brazilian experiments question conventional recommendations

Laclau Jean-Paul, Gonçalves José Leonardo M., Battie Laclau Patricia, Christina Mathias, Nouvellon Yann, Stape Jose Luiz, Moreira R., Le Maire Guerric, Bouillet Jean-Pierre. 2014. Adaptation of eucalypt trees to water and nutrient deficiencies: Insights from Brazilian experiments question conventional recommendations. International Forestry Review, 16 (5), n.spéc. XXIV IUFRO World Congress abstracts, Résumé : 135-136. IUFRO World Congress. Sustaining Forests, Sustaining People: The Role of Research. 24, Salt Lake City, États-Unis, 5 Octobre 2014/11 Octobre 2014.

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Quartile : Q3, Sujet : FORESTRY

Résumé : Drought is a major abiotic stress that will be exacerbated by climate changes in many forest ecosystems. A scarcity of fertilizers for the management of tropical plantations is also predicted due to finite reserves of phosphorus and potassium (K) worldwide. Identifying management practices enhancing tree tolerance to drought and nutrient deficiencies is, therefore, of primary interest. Carbon, water, and nutrient fluxes have been monitored intensively over entire rotations in experiments manipulating rainfall and nutrition in Eucalyptus grandis plantations in southern Brazil. These studies question the relevance of some silvicultural practices well established in regions with relatively high annual rainfall. The early tree growth does not always need to be maximized; weeding can also be important after canopy closure; K fertilization is not always beneficial to face drought; it is not always necessary to split the applications of N and K fertilizers to prevent losses by leaching; and sodium application can enhance tree growth in K-deficient soils. We show that studies carried out at a single site can have broad applications for the management of tropical plantations, provided that they improve our comprehension of the mechanisms driving tree growth. In addition to multilocal trials, multidisciplinary research at a few sites associated to modelling and remote sensing is needed to adapt silvicultural practices to global changes.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Eucalyptus grandis, adaptation physiologique, carence en substance nutritive, déficit d'humidité du sol, stress dû à la sécheresse, efficience d'utilisation de l'eau, nutrition des plantes, plantation forestière

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Brésil

Mots-clés libres : Eucalyptus, Potassium, Sodium, Water efficiency, Tree nutrition

Classification Agris : F61 - Physiologie végétale - Nutrition

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

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