A minimalistic model of vegetation physiognomies in the savanna biome

Yatat Djeumen Ivric Valaire, Dumont Yves, Doizy Anna, Couteron Pierre. 2021. A minimalistic model of vegetation physiognomies in the savanna biome. Ecological Modelling, 440:109381, 24 p.

Url - autres données associées : https://gitlab.com/cirad-apps/tree-grass

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : ECOLOGY

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Economie-gestion

Résumé : We present and analyze a model aiming at recovering, as dynamical outcomes of fire-mediated tree–grass interactions, the wide range of vegetation physiognomies observable in the savanna biome along rainfall gradients at regional/continental scales. The model is based on two ordinary differential equations (ODE), for woody and grass biomass. It is parameterized from literature with respect to the African context and retains mathematical tractability, since we restricted it to the main processes, notably tree–grass asymmetric interactions (either facilitative or competitive) and the grass-fire feedback. We used a fully qualitative analysis to derive all possible long term dynamics and express them in a bifurcation diagram in relation to mean annual rainfall and fire frequency. We delineated domains of monostability (forest, grassland, savanna), of bistability (e.g. forest–grassland or forest–savanna) and even tristability. Notably, we highlighted regions in which two savanna equilibria may be jointly stable (possibly in addition to forest or grassland). We verified that common knowledge about decreasing woody biomass with increasing fire frequency is verified for all levels of rainfall, contrary to previous attempts using analogous ODE frameworks. Thus, our framework appears able to render more realistic and diversified outcomes than often thought of regarding ODE. Our model can help figure out the ongoing dynamics of savanna vegetation in large territories for which local data are sparse or absent. To explore the bifurcation diagram with different combinations of the model parameters, we have developed a user-friendly R-Shiny application freely available at : https://gitlab.com/cirad-apps/tree-grass.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : modélisation environnementale, savane, analyse qualitative, végétation, incendie, biomasse, écologie forestière, herbage

Mots-clés complémentaires : biome

Mots-clés libres : Savanna, Grassland, Forest, Ordinary differential equation, Bifurcation diagram, Qualitative analysis, Sensitivity analysis, Alternative stable states, Mean annual rainfall, Fires, R-shiny

Classification Agris : F40 - Écologie végétale
U10 - Informatique, mathématiques et statistiques

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 1 (2019-) - Biodiversité

Auteurs et affiliations

• Yatat Djeumen Ivric Valaire, Université de Yaoundé 1 (CMR) - auteur correspondant
• Dumont Yves, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AMAP (REU) ORCID: 0000-0003-4817-685X
• Doizy Anna, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) ORCID: 0000-0002-2866-6918
• Couteron Pierre, Université de Montpellier (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/597268/)

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