The effect of four abiotic factors on macro-anatomical markers development in Parkia biglobosa, Jack, R. Br., 1830 (Fabaceae) crown

Adji Beda Innocent, Akaffou Doffou Sélastique, Kouassi Kouadio Henri, Houphouet Yao Patrice, Duminil Jérôme, Sabatier Sylvie-Annabel. 2021. The effect of four abiotic factors on macro-anatomical markers development in Parkia biglobosa, Jack, R. Br., 1830 (Fabaceae) crown. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 12 (4) : 645-661.

https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2021.124044

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Résumé : Interpretation of primary growth markers (modules) is neglected in sustainable resource management processes, yet it opens up prospects for long time series on tree crown development, necessary for their characterization in the current context of climate change. This study aimed to assess the morphological variation of crown shoots in Parkia biglobosa in the face of a changing environment. Axis growth modules of 420 individuals of different ages were retrospectively analyzed in the presence or absence of shading during the wet and dry seasons in seven localities in Cote d'Ivoire. The results showed that the developmental environment of individuals did not influence the growth modules dimensions (P > 0.05). However, module size remained significantly different between locations (P < 0.05). The southern part of the gradient is still favourable and has priority for the establishment of permanent plots. The modules morphology differs from the youngest to the oldest individuals (P < 0.05). The rainy season remains the ideal period for the implementation of agroforestry reforestation programmes based on this species (P < 0.05). Parkia biglobosa is a monochasial sympod (Pseudo-monopod) with a relay axis that follows the Paul Champagnat architectural model in the young stage, and transits to the Wilhelm Troll model later in the adult and old stage. This information contributes to the understanding of the functioning of crown and the adaptation of this species to a varying environment. It could guide choice of suitable environment and ideal genotype for the implementation of a reforestation or agroforestry programme based on Parkia biglobosa.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : physiologie végétale, Houppier, stade de développement végétal, Parkia biglobosa, croissance de la plante

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Côte d'Ivoire

Mots-clés libres : Parkia biglobosa, Environment, Development, Growth Modules, Crown

Classification Agris : F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Agences de financement hors UE : Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

Projets sur financement : (CIV) Appui à la Modernisation et à la Réforme des Universités et Grandes Ecoles de Côte d'Ivoire

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