Theory, practice and challenges of agroecology in India

Dorin Bruno. 2022. Theory, practice and challenges of agroecology in India. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 20 (2) : 153-167.

https://doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2021.1920760

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact

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Résumé : With the Green Revolution in Asia, the gap in agricultural yield with the developed world has been closed, while the gap in farm labour productivity has greatly widened. This reveals a deepening agrarian and environmental crisis in India. The industrial mode of production has led to the massive use of costly industrial inputs to increase yields and offset economies of scale that are almost impossible to achieve in this densely populated country. Such a development path is a trap for millions Indian micro-farmers and their natural capital. We then unveil the promises of a type of agroecology called 'natural farming' that has developed in Andhra Pradesh, a State in South India. Andhra's natural farming has pioneered the adoption of technical and organizational innovations that could lead to the first large-scale agroecological transition in the world. But in 2019, these local innovations were accused of following a regressive path and endangering the country's food security. This attack reveals the current omnipotence of the industrial sociotechnical regime over science, as well as a conception of science and progress antithetical to agroecology.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : agroécologie, système de culture, agriculture durable, sécurité alimentaire

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Inde

Mots-clés complémentaires : agriculture naturelle, transition agroécologique

Mots-clés libres : Structural transformation, Agriculture, Productivity, Poverty, Agroecology, India, Andhra Pradesh, Natural Farming

Classification Agris : F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
E10 - Économie et politique agricoles

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

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