Cover crops combined with soil tillage impact the spontaneous species density, richness and diversity in banana cover cropping systems

Rakotomanga Diane, Lacoma Médina, Dorel Marc, Damour Gaëlle. 2021. Cover crops combined with soil tillage impact the spontaneous species density, richness and diversity in banana cover cropping systems. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 41:37, 11 p.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-021-00692-1

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact

Version publiée - Anglais
Accès réservé aux personnels Cirad
Utilisation soumise à autorisation de l'auteur ou du Cirad.
2021_Rakotomanga_ASD.pdf
Télécharger (1MB) | Demander une copie

Résumé : Soil tillage and cover crops impact spontaneous vegetation in agrosystems. Soil tillage destroys seedlings and can affect the soil seedbank. Cover crops compete with naturally occurring spontaneous species. Our aim was to gain insight into how soil tillage (here, the false seedbed technique) and cover crops impact the spontaneous vegetation in fallows preceding banana crops. In a fallowed field in Guadeloupe (French West Indies), two factors were combined in a split-plot design: the soil tillage modality before cover crop sowing (with or without the false seedbed technique) and the cover crop species (Crotalaria spectabilis, Pueraria phaseoloïdes, a 50/50 mix of Brachiaria decumbens + Brachiaria ruziziensis, a spontaneous vegetation control). On a monthly basis, in three permanent quadrats per sub-plot, all spontaneous species were identified and their numbers counted, while calculating the species richness and Shannon's diversity index. The spontaneous vegetation dynamics contrasted depending on the treatment. From 7 months post-sowing the species density, richness and Shannon index were significantly lower in treatments with B. decumbens + B. ruziziensis and P. phaseoloïdes, while in treatments with C. spectabilis, the species density and richness were significantly higher with than without the false seedbed technique. These effects were probably related to differences in the competitive ability of the cover crop used and, to a lesser extent, to the false seedbed effects on the soil seedbank. This is the first study to show that under a tropical climate, sown cover crop species combined with different soil tillage modalities have substantial impacts on the species density, richness and diversity of the spontaneous plant community over a 1-year period. These results could help farmers in their weed control strategies by providing them with a deeper understanding of the effects of practices on the spontaneous plant community.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : plante de couverture, travail du sol, système de culture, agroécosystème, jachère, Musa, Pueraria phaseoloides, Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria ruziziensis

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Guadeloupe, France

Mots-clés complémentaires : Crotalaria spectabilis

Mots-clés libres : Brachiaria decumbens, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Crotalaria spectabilis, Species diversity, Pueraria phaseoloides, Species richness, Weed

Classification Agris : F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
F40 - Écologie végétale
H60 - Mauvaises herbes et désherbage

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Auteurs et affiliations