De foggara, een levend irrigatiesysteem in de Algerijnse Sahara

Bonte Bruno, Idda Salem, Kuper Marcel. 2021. De foggara, een levend irrigatiesysteem in de Algerijnse Sahara. In : ZemZem: Klimaatverandering. Van den Bent Josephine (ed.), Voorhoeve Maaike (ed.). Amsterdam : Stichting Soera, 51-58. (ZemZem, 1) ISBN 978-90-828791-6-2

Titre anglais : The foggara, a living irrigation system in the Algerian Sahara

Résumé : Foggara's zijn irrigatiesystemen in de Sahara die het grondwater naar de oppervlakte leiden. Foggara's maken niet alleen deel uit van kostbaar erfgoed uit het verleden: een groot aantal kilometerslange foggara's werkt nog tot op de dag van vandaag. Dit artikel beschrijft de kunst van de exploitatie van verborgen wateren.

Résumé (autre langue) : Foggara's are irrigation systems in the Sahara that bring groundwater to the surface by gravity. Foggara's (qanat in Iran, khettara in Morocco) are not only part of a precious heritage from the past: many foggara's still work today. The distribution of water requires constant attention, from the moment the foggara is built, through the allocation of water rights, and then in the frequent modifications of the infrastructure and the associated water rights throughout the long life of a foggara. A foggara is, therefore, more than an ingenious irrigation system, because without effective rules and an appropriate social organisation to regulate the maintenance and distribution of water, a foggara would quickly die. The foggara that brings precious water to the oasis is one of the crucial allies of the oases communities, precisely because its design and use can be adapted to changing conditions in a harsh arid environment. This has not been easy in the past century because of the rapid economic, social and environmental changes that have taken place. But as long as the community needs the foggara to live and survive in the Sahara, it will undoubtedly be adapted and continue to exist.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : irrigation, réseau d'irrigation, génie hydraulique, approvisionnement en eau, eau souterraine, eau d'irrigation, conservation de l'eau, infrastructure

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Algérie, désert du Sahara

Mots-clés libres : Irrigation, Water governance, Sahara, Institutions, Infrastructure

Classification Agris : P10 - Ressources en eau et leur gestion
F06 - Irrigation

Auteurs et affiliations

• Bonte Bruno, INRAE (FRA)
• Idda Salem, Université d'Adrar Ahmed Draya (DZA)
• Kuper Marcel, CIRAD-ES-UMR G-EAU (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-1240-0592

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/598761/)

Métriques

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