Potential of high-throughput eDNA sequencing of soil fungi and bacteria for monitoring ecological restoration in ultramafic substrates: The case study of the New Caledonian biodiversity hotspot

Fernandez Nuñez Nicolas, Maggia Laurent, Stenger Pierre-Louis, Lelièvre Mélanie, Letellier Kelly, Gigante Sarah, Manez Aurore, Mournet Pierre, Ripoll Julie, Carriconde Fabian. 2021. Potential of high-throughput eDNA sequencing of soil fungi and bacteria for monitoring ecological restoration in ultramafic substrates: The case study of the New Caledonian biodiversity hotspot. Ecological Engineering, 173:106416, 15 p.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106416

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact

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Quartile : Q2, Sujet : ECOLOGY / Quartile : Q2, Sujet : ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES / Quartile : Q3, Sujet : ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Résumé : Due to their central role in ecosystems functioning and their ability to rapidly respond to environmental changes, soil microorganisms could potentially be used for monitoring ecosystems recovery in the context of degraded land restoration. However, these belowground organisms have been, to date, largely neglected. Here, we investigated fungal and bacterial community diversity, composition, and structure from ultramafic soils in New Caledonia, an archipelago in the southwest Pacific recognized as a priority for conservation and restoration. The emerging approach of high-throughput amplicon sequencing of environmental DNA (eDNA) – metabarcoding of eDNA – was used to compare soil microbial communities from four different native vegetation types, representing different stages of a chronosequence and defined as reference ecosystems, to five distinct post-mining sites revegetated several years ago. Our results clearly revealed changes in soil microbial phyla and functional groups along the reference chronosequence and variable responses at the different revegetated sites, with two of the five sites showing a good trajectory of recovery. We thus propose three ratios as metrics for monitoring the restoration trajectory of soil microorganisms: the Ascomycota:Basidiomycota and Saprotrophic:Ectomycorrhizal ratios for fungi, and the Cyanobacteria:Chloroflexi ratios for bacteria. Our study, combined with recent works undertaken in other geographical areas, underpins the great promise that could represent soil microbial eDNA metabarcoding for monitoring restoration progress and success. With the emergence of these new cost-effective and scalable sequencing technologies, soil microbes could, in the near future, be included in guidelines for restoration operations in complement to more conventional approaches.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : sol volcanique, récupération des sols, amélioration des sols, micro-organisme, mesure (activité), biodiversité, diversité génétique (comme ressource)

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Nouvelle-Calédonie, France

Mots-clés libres : Biodiversity hotspot, Revegetation, Soil microbial communities, EDNA, High-throughput sequencing

Classification Agris : P31 - Levés et cartographie des sols
P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières
P34 - Biologie du sol

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 1 (2019-) - Biodiversité

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