Leaching and degradation of S-Metolachlor in undisturbed soil cores amended with organic wastes

Dollinger Jeanne, Bourdat-Deschamps Marjolaine, Pot Valérie, Serre Valentin, Bernet Nathalie, Deslarue Ghislaine, Montes Mélanie, Capowiez Line, Michel Eric. 2022. Leaching and degradation of S-Metolachlor in undisturbed soil cores amended with organic wastes. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29 : 20098-200111.

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie

Résumé : Organic waste (OW) reuse in agriculture is a common practice fostered by benefits in terms of waste recycling and crop production. However, OW amendments potentially affect the fate of pesticide spread on fields to protect the crops from pests and weeds. The influence of OW on the sorption, degradation, and leaching of pesticides is generally studied for each mechanism separately under artificial laboratory conditions. Our study aims at evaluating the balance of these mechanisms under more realistic conditions to clarify the influence of three common OW amendments on the fate, in soil, of the widely used herbicide S-Metolachlor. We performed leaching experiments in large undisturbed soil cores amended with raw sewage sludge, composted sludge, and digested pig slurry (digestate), respectively. We monitored S-Metolachlor and its two main metabolites MET-OA and MET-ESA in the leachates during a succession of 10 rainfall events over 126 days. We also quantified the remaining S-Metolachlor and metabolites in the soil at the end of the experiments. S-Metolachlor leaching didn't exceed 0.1% of the applied dose with or without OW amendment. Despite a soil organic carbon increase of 3 to 32%, OW amendments did not significantly affect the amount of S-Metolachlor that leached through the soil (0.01 to 0.1%) nor its transformation rate (6.0 to 8.6%). However, it affected the degradation pathways with an increase of MET-OA relative to MET-ESA formed after OW amendment (28 to 54%) compared to the controls (8%). Concentration of S-Metolachlor and metabolites in the leachates of all treatments greatly exceeded the regulatory limit for groundwater intended for human consumption in Europe. These high concentrations were probably the consequence of preferential macropore flow. Colloids had comparable levels in the leachates after S-Metolachlor application. Dissolved organic carbon was also comparable in the controls, digestate, and sludge treatments but was 65% higher in the compost-amended cores. These results, along with a great variability among replicates inherent to experiments performed under realistic conditions, partly explain the limited impact of OW on the transport of S-Metolachlor

Mots-clés Agrovoc : déchet organique, fertilisation, herbicide, lessivage du sol, dégradation chimique, expérimentation au champ, analyse de sol, chimie du sol, métolachlore, persistance des pesticides

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : France

Mots-clés libres : Soil, Organic waste, Herbicide, Leaching, Degradation, Sewage sludge, Compost, Digestate

Classification Agris : F04 - Fertilisation
P33 - Chimie et physique du sol
P02 - Pollution

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Auteurs et affiliations

• Dollinger Jeanne, INRAE (FRA) - auteur correspondant
• Bourdat-Deschamps Marjolaine, INRAE (FRA)
• Pot Valérie, INRAE (FRA)
• Serre Valentin, INRAE (FRA)
• Bernet Nathalie, INRAE (FRA)
• Deslarue Ghislaine, INRAE (FRA)
• Montes Mélanie, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR Recyclage et risque (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-0678-0541
• Capowiez Line, INRAE (FRA)
• Michel Eric, INRAE (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/599727/)

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