Differential vector competence of Ornithodoros soft ticks for African swine fever virus: What if it involves more than just crossing organic barriers in ticks?

Pereira De Oliveira Rémi, Hutet Evelyne, Lancelot Renaud, Paboeuf Frédéric, Duhayon Maxime, Boinas Fernando, Pérez de León Adalberto A., Filatov Sehrii, Le Potier Marie-Frédérique, Vial Laurence. 2020. Differential vector competence of Ornithodoros soft ticks for African swine fever virus: What if it involves more than just crossing organic barriers in ticks?. Parasites and Vectors, 13:618, 15 p.

Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Additional_file_1_of_Differential_vector_competence_of_Ornithodoros_soft_ticks_for_African_swine_fever_virus_What_if_it_involves_more_than_just_crossing_organic_barriers_in_ticks_/13357455

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : PARASITOLOGY / Quartile : Q1, Sujet : TROPICAL MEDICINE

Résumé : Background: Several species of soft ticks in genus Ornithodoros are known vectors and reservoirs of African swine fever virus (ASFV). However, the underlying mechanisms of vector competence for ASFV across Ornithodoros species remain to be fully understood. To that end, this study compared ASFV replication and dissemination as well as virus vertical transmission to descendants between Ornithodoros moubata, O. erraticus, and O. verrucosus in relation to what is known about the ability of these soft tick species to transmit ASFV to pigs. To mimic the natural situation, a more realistic model was used where soft ticks were exposed to ASFV by allowing them to engorge on viremic pigs. Methods: Ornithodoros moubata ticks were infected with the ASFV strains Liv13/33 (genotype I) or Georgia2007/1 (genotype II), O. erraticus with OurT88/1 (genotype I) or Georgia2007/1 (genotype II), and O. verrucosus with Ukr12/Zapo (genotype II), resulting in five different tick–virus pairs. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays targeting the VP72 ASFV gene was carried out over several months on crushed ticks to study viral replication kinetics. Viral titration assays were also carried out on crushed ticks 2 months post infection to confirm virus survival in soft ticks. Ticks were dissected. and DNA was individually extracted from the following organs to study ASFV dissemination: intestine, salivary glands, and reproductive organs. DNA extracts from each organ were tested by qPCR. Lastly, larval or first nymph-stage progeny emerging from hatching eggs were tested by qPCR to assess ASFV vertical transmission. Results: Comparative analyses revealed higher rates of ASFV replication and dissemination in O. moubata infected with Liv13/33, while the opposite was observed for O. erraticus infected with Georgia2007/1 and for O. verrucosus with Ukr12/Zapo. Intermediate profiles were found for O. moubata infected with Georgia2007/1 and for O. erraticus with OurT88/1. Vertical transmission occurred efficiently in O. moubata infected with Liv13/33, and at very low rates in O. erraticus infected with OurT88/1. Conclusions: This study provides molecular data indicating that viral replication and dissemination in Ornithodoros ticks are major mechanisms underlying ASFV horizontal and vertical transmission. However, our results indicate that other determinants beyond viral replication also influence ASFV vector competence. Further research is required to fully understand this process in soft ticks.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : transmission des maladies, virologie, vecteur de maladie, virus peste porcine africaine, Ornithodoros, Ornithodoros moubata, maladie transmissible par tiques

Mots-clés complémentaires : Ornithodoros erraticus, Ornithodoros verrucosus

Mots-clés libres : African swine fever virus, Vector competence, Soft tick, Ornithodoros, Molecular biology

Classification Agris : L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Pereira De Oliveira Rémi, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-3005-1277
• Hutet Evelyne, ANSES (FRA)
• Lancelot Renaud, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-5826-5242
• Paboeuf Frédéric, ANSES (FRA)
• Duhayon Maxime, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Boinas Fernando, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (PRT)
• Pérez de León Adalberto A., Knipling-Bushland US Livestock Insects Research Laboratory (USA)
• Filatov Sehrii, National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine (UKR)
• Le Potier Marie-Frédérique, ANSES (FRA)
• Vial Laurence, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/599782/)

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