Longitudinal monitoring in Cambodia suggests higher circulation of alpha and betacoronaviruses in juvenile and immature bats of three species

Cappelle Julien, Furey Neil M., Hoem Thavry, Putita Ou Tey, Lim Thona, Hul Vibol, Heng Oudam, Chevalier Véronique, Dussart Philippe, Duong Veasna. 2021. Longitudinal monitoring in Cambodia suggests higher circulation of alpha and betacoronaviruses in juvenile and immature bats of three species. Scientific Reports, 11:24145, 11 p.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Résumé : Recent studies suggest that coronaviruses circulate widely in Southeast Asian bat species and that the progenitors of the SARS-Cov-2 virus could have originated in rhinolophid bats in the region. Our objective was to assess the diversity and circulation patterns of coronavirus in several bat species in Southeast Asia. We undertook monthly live-capture sessions and sampling in Cambodia over 17 months to cover all phases of the annual reproduction cycle of bats and test specifically the association between their age and CoV infection status. We additionally examined current information on the reproductive phenology of Rhinolophus and other bat species presently known to occur in mainland southeast China, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. Results from our longitudinal monitoring (573 bats belonging to 8 species) showed an overall proportion of positive PCR tests for CoV of 4.2% (24/573) in cave-dwelling bats from Kampot and 4.75% (22/463) in flying-foxes from Kandal. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the PCR amplicon sequences of CoVs (n = 46) obtained clustered in Alphacoronavirus and Betacoronavirus. Interestingly, Hipposideros larvatus sensu lato harbored viruses from both genera. Our results suggest an association between positive detections of coronaviruses and juvenile and immature bats in Cambodia (OR = 3.24 [1.46–7.76], p = 0.005). Since the limited data presently available from literature review indicates that reproduction is largely synchronized among rhinolophid and hipposiderid bats in our study region, particularly in its more seasonal portions (above 16° N), this may lead to seasonal patterns in CoV circulation. Overall, our study suggests that surveillance of CoV in insectivorous bat species in Southeast Asia, including SARS-CoV-related coronaviruses in rhinolophid bats, could be targeted from June to October for species exhibiting high proportions of juveniles and immatures during these months. It also highlights the need to develop long-term longitudinal surveys of bats and improve our understanding of their ecology in the region, for both biodiversity conservation and public health reasons.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : épidémiologie, Alphacoronavirus, transmission des maladies, Betacoronavirus, coronavirus 2 du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère, Chiroptera, surveillance épidémiologique

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Cambodge

Mots-clés complémentaires : Rhinolophinae

Mots-clés libres : Ecological epidemiology, Virology

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission

Auteurs et affiliations

• Cappelle Julien, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-7668-1971 - auteur correspondant
• Furey Neil M., Fauna and Flora International (KHM)
• Hoem Thavry, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Putita Ou Tey, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Lim Thona
• Hul Vibol, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Heng Oudam, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Chevalier Véronique, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (MDG)
• Dussart Philippe, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)
• Duong Veasna, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (KHM)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/599976/)

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