Crop protection practices and risks associated with infectious tropical parasitic diseases

Ratnadass Alain, Martin Thibaud. 2022. Crop protection practices and risks associated with infectious tropical parasitic diseases. Science of the Total Environment, 823:153633, 10 p.

Résumé : Two recent literature reviews have shown that: i) agroecological crop protection (ACP) practices generally reduce risks of viral zoonoses, unlike conventional (agrochemical-based) practices which tend to increase them; ii) substitution-based crop protection (CP) practices (mainly biocontrol-based) could result in fewer health risks from bacterial infectious diseases. Here, we present an analysis of the scientific literature to determine to what extent the conclusions regarding viruses or bacteria can be extended to infectious diseases caused by protozoan or helminthic parasites. This analysis of cases of both vector-transmitted and water- or food-borne parasitic diseases, shows, in terms of reduction of health risks: i) an overall negative effect arising from the use of synthetic plant protection products; ii) the relevance of substitution CP practices not strictly under the ACP banner. On the other hand, the public and veterinary health issue of antiparasitic resistance is not affected by CP practices. The positive effects at the large spatio-temporal scales of ACP approaches remain valid, although to a slightly lesser extent than for bacterial diseases and viral zoonoses, in particular through biodiversity conservation which fosters natural regulations and control, preventing the undesirable effects of synthetic pesticides.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : protection des plantes, mesure phytosanitaire, pratique agricole, évaluation de l'impact, santé publique, maladie infectieuse, maladie bactérienne, parasitose, zoonose

Mots-clés libres : Bilharziose, Parasitoses intestinales, Paludisme, Fumure animale, Pesticides

Classification Agris : H01 - Protection des végétaux - Considérations générales
S50 - Santé humaine
H60 - Mauvaises herbes et désherbage

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement européennes : European Regional Development Fund

Auteurs et affiliations

• Ratnadass Alain, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR AIDA (REU) ORCID: 0000-0002-8873-5671 - auteur correspondant
• Martin Thibaud, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR HortSys (CIV) ORCID: 0000-0002-4915-4436

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/600250/)

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