Antifungal and antimycotoxic activities of 3 essential oils against 3 mycotoxinogenic fungi

Chelaghema Asma, Durand Noël, Servent Adrien, Mamouni Myriam, Poucheret Patrick, Schorr-Galindo Sabine, Fontana Angélique, Strub Caroline. 2022. Antifungal and antimycotoxic activities of 3 essential oils against 3 mycotoxinogenic fungi. Archives of Microbiology, 204 (8):504, 16 p.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-022-03115-1

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Résumé : Fungal toxins can have various adverse health effects, including carcinogenic, teratogenic or hepatotoxic impacts. In addition, fungal alteration has also a negative impact on agricultural plant production. The use of chemical fungicides to control mycotoxin contamination is increasingly controversial and regulated. More environmentally friendly methods are therefore being explored. Essential oils, as compounds extracted from plants, are liquids whose specific aromatic compounds give each essential oil its own unique characteristics. Due to their rich chemical composition, essential oils (EOs) have many interesting properties, including antifungal activities. The objective of the present study was to analyze volatile chemical composition of EOs (Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Cymbopogon nardus and Eucalyptus camaldulensis) by GC/MS and to investigate their effects on the growth, sporulation and mycotoxin production of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Fusarium verticillioides (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A and fumonisin B1, respectively). In addition, EOs influence on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) biosynthesis pathways was explored using real-time qRT-PCR. The results obtained in vitro, by direct contact with the EOs and by diffusion of their volatile compounds, showed that the essential oils had inhibitory effects on the growth and the production of mycotoxins of the 3 fungal strains and modified the expression of some toxin synthesis genes. We conclude that the recorded effects were dependent on the combined effects of the EOs type, the fungal strains and the doses studied.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : huile essentielle, lutte biologique, mycotoxine, composition chimique, Cymbopogon, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus, Fusarium, expérimentation in vitro

Mots-clés complémentaires : Cymbopogon schoenanthus, Cymbopogon nardus, Aspergillus carbonarius, Fusarium verticillioides

Mots-clés libres : Essential oils, Biocontrol, Mycotoxins, Fungi

Classification Agris : Q03 - Contamination et toxicologie alimentaires

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 3 (2019-) - Systèmes alimentaires

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