Characterizing sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) varieties diversity to identify those with contrasting traits of interest for intercropping systems in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa

Ganeme Aminata, Pulcherie Kondombo clarisse, Raboin Louis-Marie, Dusserre Julie, Kaboré Roger, Adam Myriam, Traoré Salifou. 2022. Characterizing sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) varieties diversity to identify those with contrasting traits of interest for intercropping systems in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa. Plant Genetic Resources, 20 (2) : 87-97.

https://doi.org/10.1017/S1479262122000168

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact

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Résumé : Sorghum is an important staple crop in Sub-Saharan Africa. In the Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa, sorghum is mainly intercropped with cowpea, but these intercropping systems are facing low-productivity problems. The overall aim of this research was to identify sorghum varieties with different agro-morphological and physiological traits that could improve the performance of the intercropping systems. We followed a two-step methodology comprising (i) identification of varieties and plant traits of interest in intercropping systems, using participatory methods, and (ii) agro-morpho-physiological characterization of 50 sorghum varieties, to examine the range of variation in traits of interest. The results show that landraces are the varieties most widely used by farmers, and that 82.5% of farmers consider the variety type they choose for intercropping to be important. Farmers mentioned plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter as important traits to consider. Analysis of variance showed significant differences between varieties for half of the 24 agro-morpho-physiological traits studied. Hierarchical clustering identified three main groups of varieties, distinguished by morphological traits such as stem diameter, total number and size of leaves (group 1), root traits (depth, growth angle, dry matter) and relative chlorophyll content (groups 2 and 3). Based on this classification, we recommend several varieties from each of the three groups, exhibiting contrasting traits, for an assessment of their performances in intercropping systems.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : choix des variétés, performance de culture, amélioration des cultures, morphologie végétale, système de culture, culture intercalaire, Sorghum bicolor

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Burkina Faso, Zone soudano-sahélienne

Mots-clés libres : Crop performance, Intercropping, Morphological trait, Sorghum variety, Varietal selection

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

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