Spatiotemporal analysis of African swine fever outbreaks on South African smallholder farms, 1993-2018

Mushagalusa Ciza A., Penrith Mary-Louise, Etter Eric. 2022. Spatiotemporal analysis of African swine fever outbreaks on South African smallholder farms, 1993-2018. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 93 (2) : 92-98.

https://doi.org/10.36303/JSAVA.161

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Url - éditeur : https://www.jsava.co.za/index.php/jsava/article/view/161

Résumé : African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease of swine worldwide. ASF in South Africa has for many years been confined to a controlled area in the northeast of the country that was proclaimed in 1935. Since 2012, outbreaks are more likely to occur in the historically ASF-free area. This study aimed to analyse the spatial and spatiotemporal structure of ASF outbreaks in South Africa between 1993 and 2018. Global space-time clustering of ASF outbreaks was investigated by the Diggle space-time K-function while Kulldorff's spatial scan statistic was applied to detect local cluster of ASF outbreaks. Globally, ASF outbreaks exhibit statistically significant spatial clustering. They have shown a significant negative space-time interaction at month scale (p = 0.003) but no significant space-time interaction at year scale (p = 0.577), revealing strong evidence that ASF cases that are close in space occur in months which are close and vice versa. In studying local area space-time clustering at both month and year scale, three significant local clusters associated with high-rate were detected. These clusters are localised in both the ASF-controlled area and outside the controlled area with radius varying from 60.84 km up to 271.43 km and risk ratio varying from 6.61 up to 17.70. At month scale, clusters with more outbreaks were observed between June 2017 and August 2017 and involved 22 outbreaks followed by the cluster that involved 13 outbreaks in January 2012. These results show the need to maintain high biosecurity standards on pig farms in both inside and outside the ASF-controlled areas.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : peste porcine africaine, virus peste porcine africaine, épidémiologie, analyse spatiale, santé animale

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Afrique du Sud

Mots-clés libres : ASF, African swine fever, Spatio-temporal analysis, South Africa

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
L70 - Sciences et hygiène vétérinaires - Considérations générales

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement hors UE : U.S. Department of Agriculture

Projets sur financement : (USA) Unravelling the Effect of Contact Networks & Socio- Economic Factors in the Emergence of Infectious Diseases at the Wild-Domestic Interface

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