Hidden survival heterogeneity of three Common eider populations in response to climate fluctuations

Guéry Loreleï, Descamps Sébastien, Pradel Roger, Hanssen Sveinn Are, Erikstad Kjell Einar, Gabrielsen Geir Wing, Gilchrist Grant, Bêty Joël. 2017. Hidden survival heterogeneity of three Common eider populations in response to climate fluctuations. Journal of Animal Ecology, 86 (3) : 683-693.

Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n026d

Quartile : Outlier, Sujet : ZOOLOGY / Quartile : Q1, Sujet : ECOLOGY

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie

Résumé : Understanding how individuals and populations respond to fluctuations in climatic conditions is critical to explain and anticipate changes in ecological systems. Most such studies focus on climate impacts on single populations without considering inter- and intra-population heterogeneity. However, comparing geographically dispersed populations limits the risk of faulty generalizations and helps to improve ecological and demographic models. We aimed to determine whether differences in migration tactics among and within populations would induce inter- or intra-population heterogeneity in survival in relation to winter climate fluctuations. Our study species was the Common eider (Somateria mollissima), a marine duck with a circumpolar distribution, which is strongly affected by climatic conditions during several phases of its annual cycle. Capture-mark-recapture data were collected in two arctic (northern Canada and Svalbard) and one subarctic (northern Norway) population over a period of 18, 15, and 29 years respectively. These three populations have different migration tactics and experience different winter climatic conditions. Using multi-event and mixture modelling, we assessed the association between adult female eider survival and winter conditions as measured by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. We found that winter weather conditions affected the survival of female eiders from each of these three populations. However, different mechanisms seemed to be involved. Survival of the two migrating arctic populations was impacted directly by changes in the NAO, whereas the subarctic resident population was affected by the NAO with time lags of 2–3 years. Moreover, we found evidence for intra-population heterogeneity in the survival response to the winter NAO in the Canadian eider population, where individuals migrate to distinct wintering areas. Our results illustrate how individuals and populations of the same species can vary in their responses to climate variation. We suspect that the found variation in the survival response of birds to winter conditions is partly explained by differences in migration tactic. Detecting and accounting for inter- and intra-population heterogeneity will improve our predictions concerning the response of wildlife to global changes.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : dynamique des populations, changement climatique, survie, écologie des populations, oiseau

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Norvège

Mots-clés libres : Arctic, Hidden states, Life-history strategy, Mixture models, NAO

Auteurs et affiliations

• Guéry Loreleï, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-3004-8462 - auteur correspondant
• Descamps Sébastien, Norwegian Polar Institute (NOR)
• Pradel Roger, CEFE (FRA)
• Hanssen Sveinn Are, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NOR)
• Erikstad Kjell Einar, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NOR)
• Gabrielsen Geir Wing, Norwegian Polar Institute (NOR)
• Gilchrist Grant, National Wildlife Research Center (CAN)
• Bêty Joël, Université du Québec (CAN)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/603731/)

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