Agro-physiological responses of 10 west Africa sorghum varieties to early water deficit assessed by UAV and ground phenotyping

Gano Boubacar, Dembele Joseph Sekou B, Sine Bassirou, Diouf Diaga, Audebert Alain. 2022. Agro-physiological responses of 10 west Africa sorghum varieties to early water deficit assessed by UAV and ground phenotyping. In : Crop adaptation and improvement for drought-prone environments. Ndjido A. Kane (ed.), Foncéka Daniel (ed.), Dalton Timothy J. (ed.). Manhattan : New Prairie Press, 188-237. ISBN 978-1-944548-46-9

https://newprairiepress.org/ebooks/49/

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Résumé : Sorghum is a staple food for many in the Sahel. However, it often faces earlystage water deficit resulting in production decrease. Research is focusing on developing early drought tolerant varieties. This study assessed the effects of early drought stress on 10 elite varieties of West African sorghum collection tested over 2 years (2018-2019) in Bambey (Senegal). Water stress was applied by withholding irrigation 25 days after sowing for one month, followed by optimal irrigation until maturity. Soil moisture and agro-physiomorphological traits were monitored. Results showed highly significant effects of early drought stress on sorghum plants growth. The combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between varieties in the different environments for most traits studied. Under water deficit, the genotypic adaptation was linked to the capacity of varieties to increase the dead leaves weight and the roots length density and to reduce photosynthesis rate, stomata conductance, and leaf transpiration. The analysis of spectral indices across water treatments revealed significant variation. However, the differential responses between varieties remained the same. Fadda (V1), Nieleni (V2), Soumba (V8) and 621B (V9) showed promising behavior under drought stress and could be suitable for further use in West Africa.

Mots-clés libres : Early drought tolerance, Genetic variability, Root adaptation, Sorghum

Agences de financement hors UE : United States Agency for International Development

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