Molecular epidemiology of animal African trypanosomosis in southwest Burkina Faso

Hounyeme Robert Eustache, Kaboré Jacques, Gimonneau Geoffrey, Somda Martin Bienvenu, Salou Ernest Wendemanegde, Missihoun Antoine Abel, Bengaly Zakaria, Jamonneau Vincent, Boulangé Alain. 2022. Molecular epidemiology of animal African trypanosomosis in southwest Burkina Faso. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16 (8):e0010106, 17 p.

Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/OBRN6E

Résumé : Background: Animal African Trypanosomosis (AAT) is a parasitic disease of livestock that has a major socio-economic impact in the affected areas. It is caused by several species of uniflagellate extracellular protists of the genus Trypanosoma mainly transmitted by tsetse flies: T. congolense, T. vivax and T. brucei brucei. In Burkina Faso, AAT hampers the proper economic development of the southwestern part of the country, which is yet the best watered area particularly conducive to agriculture and animal production. It was therefore important to investigate the extent of the infection in order to better control the disease. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of trypanosome infections and collect data on the presence of tsetse flies. Methods: Buffy coat, Trypanosoma species-specific PCR, Indirect ELISA Trypanosoma sp and trypanolysis techniques were used on 1898 samples collected. An entomological survey was also carried out. Results: The parasitological prevalence of AAT was 1.1%, and all observed parasites were T. vivax. In contrast, the molecular prevalence was 23%, of which T. vivax was predominant (89%) followed by T. congolense (12.3%) and T. brucei s.l. (7.3%) with a sizable proportion as mixed infections (9.1%). T. brucei gambiense, responsible of sleeping sickness in humans, was not detected. The serological prevalence reached 49.7%. Once again T. vivax predominated (77.2%), but followed by T. brucei (14.7%) and T. congolense (8.1%). Seven samples, from six cattle and one pig, were found positive by trypanolysis. The density per trap of Glossina tachinoides and G. palpalis gambiensis was 1.2 flies.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : trypanosomose africaine, trypanosomose, épidémiologie, parasitose, maladie des animaux, Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanosoma vivax, Glossina palpalis, Glossina tachinoides

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Burkina Faso

Mots-clés libres : Trypanosomoses animales, Trypanosoma, Diagnosis, PCR detection, Trypanolyse, ELISA

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L70 - Sciences et hygiène vétérinaires - Considérations générales

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement hors UE : Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Auteurs et affiliations

• Hounyeme Robert Eustache, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR INTERTRYP (FRA)
• Kaboré Jacques, CIRDES (BFA)
• Gimonneau Geoffrey, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR INTERTRYP (SEN) ORCID: 0000-0002-0613-841X
• Somda Martin Bienvenu, CIRDES (BFA)
• Salou Ernest Wendemanegde, CIRDES (BFA)
• Missihoun Antoine Abel, CIRDES (BFA)
• Bengaly Zakaria, CIRDES (BFA)
• Jamonneau Vincent, IRD (FRA)
• Boulangé Alain, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR INTERTRYP (CIV) ORCID: 0000-0002-8505-7465 - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/604818/)

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