Major carbon losses from degradation of Mauritia flexuosa peat swamp forests in western Amazonia

Hergoualc'H Kristell Anaïk, van Lent Jeffrey, Dezzeo Nelda, Verchot Louis, van Groenigen Jan Willem, López Gonzales Mariela, Grandez-Rios Julio. 2023. Major carbon losses from degradation of Mauritia flexuosa peat swamp forests in western Amazonia. Biogeochemistry, 19 p.

Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.17528/CIFOR/DATA.00284

Résumé : Tropical peat swamp forests are major global carbon (C) stores highly vulnerable to human intervention. In Peruvian Amazonia, palm swamps, the prevalent peat ecosystem, have been severely degraded through recurrent cutting of Mauritia flexuosa palms for fruit harvesting. While this can transform these C sinks into significant sources, the magnitude of C fluxes in natural and disturbed conditions remains unknown. Here, we estimated emissions from degradation along a gradient comprising undegraded (Intact), moderately degraded (mDeg) and heavily degraded (hDeg) palm swamps. C stock changes above- and below-ground were calculated from biomass inventories and peat C budgets resulting from the balance of C outputs (heterotrophic soil respiration (Rh), dissolved C exports), C inputs (litterfall, root mortality) and soil CH4 emissions. Fluxes spatiotemporal dynamics were monitored (bi)monthly over 1–3 years. The peat budgets (Mg C ha−1 year−1) revealed that medium degradation reduced by 88% the soil sink capacity (from − 1.6 ± 1.3 to − 0.2 ± 0.8 at the Intact and mDeg sites) while high degradation turned the soil into a high source (6.2 ± 0.7 at the hDeg site). Differences stemmed from degradation-induced increased Rh (5.9 ± 0.3, 6.2 ± 0.3, and 9.0 ± 0.3 Mg C ha−1 year−1 at the Intact, mDeg, and hDeg sites) and decreased C inputs (8.3 ± 1.3, 7.1 ± 0.8, and 3.6 ± 0.7 Mg C ha−1 year−1 at the same sites). The large total loss rates (6.4 ± 3.8, 15.7 ± 3.8 Mg C ha−1 year−1 under medium and high degradation), originating predominantly from biomass changes call for sustainable management of these peatlands.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : séquestration du carbone, respiration du sol, sol marécageux, sol de marécage, carbone organique du sol, dégradation des forêts, dégradation de l'environnement, marécage

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Pérou, Amazonie

Mots-clés complémentaires : Mauritia flexuosa

Mots-clés libres : Carbon budget, CO2 emissions, Litterfall, Heterotrophic respiration, Palm swamp peatlands, Soil respiration

Classification Agris : K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection
P33 - Chimie et physique du sol

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement hors UE : Government of the United States of America, Government of the Norway, Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers

Auteurs et affiliations

• Hergoualc'H Kristell Anaïk, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Eco&Sols (FRA) - auteur correspondant
• van Lent Jeffrey, Wageningen University and Research Centre (NLD)
• Dezzeo Nelda, CIFOR (PER)
• Verchot Louis, CIAT (COL)
• van Groenigen Jan Willem, Wageningen University and Research Centre (NLD)
• López Gonzales Mariela, CIFOR (PER)
• Grandez-Rios Julio, UFRJ (BRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/605710/)

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