Drivers of land-use change in agroforestry landscapes of Southern Mexico

Escobar Ocampo Maria Consuelo, Castillo-Santiago Miguel Angel, Ochoa-Gaona Susana, Enríquez Paula L., Mondragón-Vázquez Edith, Espinosa-Jiménez Flor Rocío, Sibelet Nicole. 2023. Drivers of land-use change in agroforestry landscapes of Southern Mexico. Human Ecology, 51 : 409-422.

Résumé : The causes of deforestation and forest degradation are complex and often region-specific. Socioeconomic factors have been identified as the primary driver, having a strong impact on landscape structure as they degrade or improve the ability of landscapes to provide habitats for a variety of species. Coffee agroforestry systems have great potential to provide habitats for multiple species. However, this coexistence depends on a fragile balance as most coffee producers are poor and highly vulnerable to variations in the price of agricultural products, and coffee plants are susceptible to crop pests and diseases, among other factors. We conducted an in-depth analysis of the drivers of land use change in a high-biodiversity landscape in southern Mexico where shaded coffee systems favor the connectivity of several protected natural areas. We elaborated land-use change maps using high-resolution images and conducted 106 semi-structured interviews to gather information on the causes of land-use change. The types of land cover across 7409 ha changed over ten years (2005–2015): 3658 ha (49%) due to habitat loss and degradation, 2370 ha (32%) to habitat gain, and 1381 ha (19%) to conversion from other non-forest areas. In all cases, the predominant drivers were the incidence of pests and diseases and the lack of profitability of coffee, which influenced the strategies available to producers. The volatility of coffee prices, the incidence of pests and diseases, and the lack of a sustainable national coffee policy are serious threats to the conservation of shaded coffee systems and biodiversity in this region.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : déboisement, agroforesterie, utilisation des terres, Coffea, biodiversité, changement dans l'usage des terres, dégradation des forêts, paysage, maladie des plantes, habitat, Coffea arabica, ravageur des plantes, cartographie de l'utilisation des terres, volatilité des prix

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Mexique

Mots-clés libres : Southern Mexico, Biological Corridor, Sierra Madre del Sur Mesoamerican, Coffee agroecosystems, Shade coffee, Landscape connectivity, Land use and land cover changes (LULCC), Deforestation

Classification Agris : E11 - Économie et politique foncières
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 5 (2019-) - Territoires

Auteurs et affiliations

• Escobar Ocampo Maria Consuelo, ECOSUR (MEX)
• Castillo-Santiago Miguel Angel, Colegio de la Frontera Sur (MEX) - auteur correspondant
• Ochoa-Gaona Susana, ECOSUR (MEX)
• Enríquez Paula L., ECOSUR (MEX)
• Mondragón-Vázquez Edith, ECOSUR (MEX)
• Espinosa-Jiménez Flor Rocío, ECOSUR (MEX)
• Sibelet Nicole, CIRAD-ES-UMR INNOVATION (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-2107-6376

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/606331/)

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