Diterpenes of Coffea seeds show antifungal and anti-insect activities and are transferred from the endosperm to the seedling after germination

Antoine Gaëlle, Vaissayre Virginie, Meile Jean-Christophe, Payet Jim, Conejero Geneviève, Costet Laurent, Fock-Bastide Isabelle, Joët Thierry, Dussert Stéphane. 2023. Diterpenes of Coffea seeds show antifungal and anti-insect activities and are transferred from the endosperm to the seedling after germination. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 194 : 627-637.

Résumé : Species of the genus Coffea accumulate diterpenes of the ent-kaurane family in the endosperm of their seeds, of which cafestol and kahweol are the most abundant. The diterpenes are mainly stored in esterified form with fatty acids, mostly palmitate. In contrast to the numerous studies on their effects on human health and therapeutic applications, nothing was previously known about their biological and ecological role in planta. The antifungal and anti-insect activities of cafestol and cafestol palmitate were thus investigated in this study. Cafestol significantly affected the mycelial growth of five of the six phytopathogenic fungi tested. It also greatly reduced the percentage of pupation of larvae and the pupae and adult masses of one of the two fruit flies tested. By contrast, cafestol palmitate had no significant effect against any of the fungi and insects studied. Using confocal imaging and oil body isolation and analysis, we showed that diterpenes are localized in endosperm oil bodies, suggesting that esterification with fatty acids enables the accumulation of large amounts of diterpenes in a non-toxic form. Diterpene measurements in all organs of seedlings recovered from whole seed germination or embryos isolated from the endosperm showed that diterpenes are transferred from the endosperm to the cotyledons during seedling growth and then distributed to all organs, including the hypocotyl and the root. Collectively, our findings show that coffee diterpenes are broad-spectrum defence compounds that protect not only the seed on the mother plant and in the soil, but also the seedling after germination.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : propriété antifongique, endosperme, graine, Coffea, diterpénoïde, germination des graines, plantule

Mots-clés complémentaires : Coffea mauritiana, Cafestol

Mots-clés libres : Coffea arabica, Coffea mauritiana, Rubiaceae, Biological activity, HPLC, GC, Microscopy, Cafestol, Kahweol, Ent-Kaurane diterpenoids

Classification Agris : F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Agences de financement européennes : European Regional Development Fund

Agences de financement hors UE : Conseil Régional de La Réunion, Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Caractérisation et valorisation d'une espèce endémique des forêts réunionnaises: le caféier marron, (FRA) Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée

Auteurs et affiliations

• Antoine Gaëlle, Université de la Réunion (REU)
• Vaissayre Virginie, IRD (FRA)
• Meile Jean-Christophe, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Qualisud (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-6747-2104
• Payet Jim, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
• Conejero Geneviève, INRAE (FRA)
• Costet Laurent, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) ORCID: 0000-0003-3199-2885
• Fock-Bastide Isabelle, Université de la Réunion (REU)
• Joët Thierry, IRD (FRA)
• Dussert Stéphane, IRD (FRA) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/606475/)

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