Rift Valley fever virus modulates apoptosis and immune response during infection of human astrocytes

Quellec Jordan, Pédarrieu Aurélie, Piro-Megy Camille, Barthelemy Jonathan, Simonin Yannick, Salinas Sara, Cetre-Sossah Catherine. 2023. Rift Valley fever virus modulates apoptosis and immune response during infection of human astrocytes. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 12 (1), 16 p.

Url - autres données associées : https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Rift_Valley_fever_virus_modulates_apoptosis_and_immune_response_during_infection_of_human_astrocytes/23501887

Résumé : Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an arboviral disease of zoonotic origin that causes recurrent epidemics in Africa, the Arabic Peninsula, and islands of the South West of the Indian Ocean. RVF occurs mainly in livestock but also affects humans with severe clinical manifestations, including neurological disorders. However, human neuropathogenesis of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is still poorly characterized. To study the interactions between RVFV and the central nervous system (CNS), we focused on RVFV infection of astrocytes, the major glial cells of the CNS that have several supporting roles including immune response regulation. We confirmed the permissiveness of astrocytes to RVFV infection and highlighted a strain-dependent infectivity. We showed that RVFV infection of astrocytes induced cell apoptosis and observed that the RVFV Non-Structural protein NSs, a known virulence factor, potentially delayed apoptosis by sequestrating activated-caspase 3 in the nucleus. Our study also showed that RVFV-infected astrocytes upregulated expression of genes associated with inflammatory and type I interferon responses at the mRNA level, but not at the protein level. This inhibition of immune response is potentially due to a NSs-dependent mechanism of mRNA nuclear export inhibition. Together, these results highlighted the direct impact of RVFV infection on the human CNS through the induction of apoptosis and a possible inhibition of early-onset immune responses that are crucial for the host survival.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Virus de la fièvre de la vallée du Rift, transmission des maladies, fièvre de la Vallée du Rift, genre humain, zoonose, réponse immunitaire, maladie de l'homme, épidémiologie, immunité, expression des gènes, apoptose, infection, bétail

Mots-clés libres : Rift Valley fever virus, Arbovirus, Astrocytes, Apoptosis, Immune response, Interferon, Neurovirulence

Classification Agris : S50 - Santé humaine
L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission, European Regional Development Fund

Agences de financement hors UE : Montpellier Université d'Excellence, Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Caractéristiques cliniques et mécanismes moléculaires de la neuroinflammation et des dommages neurovasculaires induits par les arbovirus

Auteurs et affiliations

• Quellec Jordan, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Pédarrieu Aurélie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Piro-Megy Camille, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Barthelemy Jonathan, INSERM (FRA)
• Simonin Yannick, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Salinas Sara, Université de Montpellier (FRA) - auteur correspondant
• Cetre-Sossah Catherine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/608541/)

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