Agro-morphological variability of wild Vigna species collected in Senegal

Dramé Demba, Bodian Amy, Foncéka Daniel, Tossim Hodo-Abalo, Diangar Mouhamadou Moussa, Nguepjop Joël Romaric, Sambakhe Diarétou, Sidybe Mamadou, Diouf Diaga. 2023. Agro-morphological variability of wild Vigna species collected in Senegal. Agronomy (Basel), 13 (11), n.spéc. Advances in Crop Molecular Breeding and Genetics:2761, 16 p.

Résumé : The domesticated Vigna species still need some of the beneficial characters that exist in the wild Vigna species, despite the improvements obtained so far. This study was carried out to enhance our understanding of the Senegalese wild Vigna diversity by exploring the agro-morphological characteristics of some accessions using 22 traits. The phenotyping was carried out in a shaded house for two consecutive rainy seasons (2021 and 2022) using the alpha-lattice experimental design with 55 accessions. Multiple correspondence analysis was carried out based on the qualitative traits, which showed considerable variability for the wild species (Vigna unguiculata var. spontanea, Vigna racemosa, Vigna radiata and the unidentified accession). The quantitative traits were subjected to statistical analysis using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. Our results revealed that ninety-five percent (95%) pod maturity ranged from 74.2 to 125.8 days in accession 3 of V. unguiculata and in accession 92 (V. racemosa), respectively. In addition, accession 14 of V. radiata recorded the highest weight for 100 seeds with a value of 4.8 g, while accession 18 of V. unguiculata had the lowest (1.48 g). The ANOVA showed significant differences for the accessions during each season (p ≤ 0.05). Seasonal effects (accession × season) were observed for some quantitative traits, such as the terminal leaflet length and width, time to 50% flowering and 95% pod maturity, pod length and 100-seed weight. Principal component analysis showed that reproductive traits, such as the time to 50% flowering, number of locules per pod, pod length, pod width and 100-seed weight, were the major traits that accounted for the variations among the wild Vigna accessions. The genetic relationship based on qualitative and quantitative traits showed three clusters among the wild Vigna accessions. Indeed, the diversity observed in this study could be used to select parents for breeding to improve the cultivated species of Vigna.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Vigna unguiculata, caractère agronomique, plante sauvage, phénotype, ressource génétique végétale, Vigna radiata radiata, variation génétique, résistance aux maladies, phytogénétique, Vigna radiata, méthode statistique, variation saisonnière, analyse qualitative, Vigna

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Sénégal

Mots-clés libres : Agro-morphological traits, Wild Vigna species, Cluster, Breeding, Senegal

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Agences de financement hors UE : United States Agency for International Development

Projets sur financement : (USA) The Feed the Future Innovation Lab Crop Improvement will be enable the development of global portfolio of crop improvement research-for-development activities

Auteurs et affiliations

• Dramé Demba, CERAAS (SEN) - auteur correspondant
• Bodian Amy, CERAAS (SEN)
• Foncéka Daniel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (SEN)
• Tossim Hodo-Abalo, CERAAS (SEN)
• Diangar Mouhamadou Moussa, CNRA (SEN)
• Nguepjop Joël Romaric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (SEN)
• Sambakhe Diarétou, CERAAS (SEN)
• Sidybe Mamadou, UCAD (SEN)
• Diouf Diaga, UCAD (SEN) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/608631/)

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