The role of agroforestry in farmers' strategies and its contribution to the well-being of rural people in Timor Leste

Cogne Marguerite, Lescuyer Guillaume. 2024. The role of agroforestry in farmers' strategies and its contribution to the well-being of rural people in Timor Leste. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 33 (1) : 42-67.

Résumé : Many countries have integrated agroforestry into their sustainable development policies, particularly in Southeast Asia. In Timor-Leste, the national strategy to promote agroforestry has adopted a modern, technique-oriented approach focused on crop rotation, intercropping and agro-silvo-pasture. In so doing, it has largely overlooked the pre-existence, diversity and performance of traditional agroforestry systems (AFS). The data collected in seven villages located in four districts of the eastern municipalities of Timor-Leste identified five common AFS: home garden, crop field and fallow, young agroforest, forest garden and silvopastoralism. The combined use of the customary AFS by rural households depends on the households' ability to access the four types of capital (land, financial, labour and social) underpinning their development strategies. Four rural household archetypes were therefore distinguished. Six farming strategies used by these archetypes were identified: cattle specialisation, palm and tree product harvesting, crop intensification, diversification of off-farm and on-farm income, abandonment of farming, and survival. Each of these farming strategies combine certain customary AFS. The diversity and complexity of AFS require a better description of how they function and a better understanding of how they fit into the heterogeneous development strategies of rural households before actions are considered to improve their performance.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : agroforesterie, population rurale, stratégies de développement rural, diversification, développement rural, politique de développement, revenu de l'exploitation, développement durable, sécurité alimentaire, gestion des ressources naturelles, enquête sur les exploitations agricoles, déboisement, exploitation agricole familiale, utilisation des terres

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Timor-Leste

Mots-clés libres : Farming system, Livelihoods, Basic necessities, South East Asia

Classification Agris : E90 - Structure agraire
E51 - Population rurale
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
E50 - Sociologie rurale

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 5 (2019-) - Territoires

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission

Agences de financement hors UE : Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, German Federal Ministry for the Environment

Projets sur financement : (EU) Ai Ba Futuru

Auteurs et affiliations

• Cogne Marguerite, Université de Montpellier (FRA)
• Lescuyer Guillaume, CIRAD-ES-UPR Forêts et sociétés (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-0952-8656 - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/608660/)

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