Temporal behaviour of cacao clone production over 18 years

Dessauw Dominique, Phillips-Mora Wilbert, Mata-Quiros Allan, Bastide Philippe, Johnson Vincent, Castillo-Fernandeza José, Ribeyre Fabienne, Cilas Christian. 2024. Temporal behaviour of cacao clone production over 18 years. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 44:34, 14 p.

Résumé : This study aimed to evaluate the stability of cacao clone production by analyzing the dynamics of pod production over time. It investigates correlations in multi-year production levels and explores how genetics influence both intra-annual and inter-annual temporal production dynamics of total and healthy pods. To address these questions, data were analysed from a clonal cacao trial conducted over a period of 18 years in Costa Rica. Longitudinal data analysis provided a clearer understanding of the link between yields over successive years. The best-fit model proved to be the ante-dependence model. This model indicated that the correlation between two successive years was relatively stable, and the correlation between years decreased as the interval between years increased. These correlations are also higher as the age of the trees increases. The clones differ more in terms of their production of healthy pods than total pod production. Four dynamic patterns, considering both intra- and inter-annual production, were identified, revealing differences in production timing and distinct peaks for each class. Inter-annual variability analysis revealed differences in healthy pod production among classes, with some displaying more sustainable production dynamics over 18 years. Intra-annual variability analysis showed significant variation in production periods among clones, with different production distributions throughout the year allowing selection of escape and or resistant clones. The study emphasized the importance of genetics in sustainable cacao production, with potential implications for clonal selection. It was suggested to combine clones of different classes to mitigate risks and spread harvests, emphasizing that resilience is a crucial criterion in cacao breeding programs to effectively meet new challenges. Further research is recommended to explore the influence of various environmental factors and facilitate more efficient selection in perennial crops, with the aim of selecting more resilient clones, a particularly important objective in the context of climate change.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Theobroma cacao, clone, facteur climatique, variation saisonnière, variété, facteur du milieu, productivité agricole, critère de sélection, clonage, production végétale, productivité

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Costa Rica

Mots-clés libres : Theobroma cacao, Resilience, Production dynamics, Genetic correlations, Fruit tree

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
F01 - Culture des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Agences de financement hors UE : Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, U.S. Department of Agriculture, MARS, Bioversity International, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical

Projets sur financement : (ITA) An integrated approach to improving yield efficiency and resilience in the face of climate change through better use of cacao genetic resources

Auteurs et affiliations

• Dessauw Dominique, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (GLP) ORCID: 0009-0009-0512-2107 - auteur correspondant
• Phillips-Mora Wilbert, CATIE (CRI)
• Mata-Quiros Allan, CATIE (CRI)
• Bastide Philippe
• Johnson Vincent, GreenQuills International (FRA)
• Castillo-Fernandeza José, CATIE (CRI)
• Ribeyre Fabienne, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PHIM (FRA)
• Cilas Christian, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/609469/)

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