Ethnobotanic and genetic diversity of sugarcane in French Polynesia

Vitrac Marotea, Teai Taivini, Shili-Touzi Ines, Butaud Jean-François, Goebel François-Régis, Hervouet Catherine, D'Hont Angélique. 2024. Ethnobotanic and genetic diversity of sugarcane in French Polynesia. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 29 : 1-15.

Résumé : Background: In French Polynesia, traditional tō (Saccharum officinarum) have been re-exploited in the recent years to produce organic certified rum. Former botanists have described the sugarcane which were spread by Polynesians during their migrations of the Eastern Pacific. One of them, referred by botanists as Otahiti was the main cultivar grown for sugar production until the 1880s. Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, we collected 15 sugarcane accessions in the Society Islands and examined their taxonomic status to establish the correspondence with those described by former botanists. Nine morphological traits were repeatedly measured including stalk colour, tillering, stalk height, stalk diameter, and internode lengths. We also analyzed them using flow cytometry, PCR markers and in one case molecular cytogenetics. Results: The results showed 4 modern hybrids cultivars, 9 traditional S. officinarum and one intergeneric hybrid between S. officinarum and the wild genus Miscanthus floridulus, Tō 'ā'eho. Among the traditional S. officinarum sugarcane cultivars, we suggested that Polynesian sugarcane called Tō 'irimotu and Tō re'are'a could correspond to Otahiti. Conclusions: The studies of processing characteristics also revealed the high Brix of the Tō 'ā'eho and its potential for producing rum. These types of hybrids support the hypothesis of Pacific being a satellite center of sugarcane diversity.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Saccharum officinarum, Saccharum, variété, Saccharum spontaneum, hybridation intergénérique, éthnobotanique, canne à sucre, hybridation intraspécifique, marqueur génétique, botanique, diversité génétique (comme ressource)

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Polynésie française, France

Mots-clés libres : Ethnobotany, Sugarcane, Noble sugarcane, French Polynesia, Otahiti

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 1 (2019-) - Biodiversité

Agences de financement hors UE : Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Université de la Polynésie française

Auteurs et affiliations

• Vitrac Marotea, UPF (PYF) - auteur correspondant
• Teai Taivini, UPF (PYF)
• Shili-Touzi Ines, ISTOM (FRA)
• Butaud Jean-François
• Goebel François-Régis, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR AIDA (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-5438-1078
• Hervouet Catherine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• D'Hont Angélique, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/609526/)

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