Preservation of the genetic diversity of Madagascar vanilla: Towards sustainable vanilla crops adapted to climate change

Rafanoharana Tojomanana, Faratiana Lysia Ma-Hong, Ramarosandratana Aro Vonjy, Fuzzati Nicola, Grisoni Michel. 2024. Preservation of the genetic diversity of Madagascar vanilla: Towards sustainable vanilla crops adapted to climate change. In : Book of abstracts, 5th International Vanilla Congress, 4-7 June 2024, Reunion Island, France. CIRAD, Université de la Réunion. Saint-Pierre : Université de la Réunion, Résumé, p. 43. International Vanilla Congress (IVC 2024). 5, Saint-Pierre, Réunion, 4 Juin 2024/7 Juin 2024.

Résumé : Vanilla crops in Madagascar are essential for the country's economy and the global production of natural vanilla flavor. Despite clonal propagation by cuttings, vanilla vines grown on the island have diversified under the effect of spontaneous genetic rearrangements and the spread of hybrid varieties produced in the mid-twentieth century breeding program. Genetic diversity is an invaluable asset when it comes to responding to environmental changes, particularly the rise in temperatures and longer dry periods, which are expected in Madagascar. A collection of cultivated vanilla plants was built between 2019 and 2022, bringing together 227 vanilla accessions collected from the country's main production areas. Currently, the majority of accessions in the collection are ordinary V. planifolia vines (158), but the collection also includes various unidentified interspecific hybrids (43), as well as a few atypical V. planifolia clones (26). The plant material is preserved ex situ by the FOFIFA in a field plot (Ivoloina, Toamasina), and duplicates will be planted at three other sites in the country. Genetic characterization (Whole Genome Sequencing), followed by phenotypic characterization of the collection, will aim to select a panel of varieties potentially adapted to the country's diverse and changing agroclimatic conditions. In the medium term, this collection will provide the basic material to supply all of the country's economic operators with vanilla vines of optimum sanitary and genetic quality.

Auteurs et affiliations

• Rafanoharana Tojomanana, FOFIFA (MDG)
• Faratiana Lysia Ma-Hong, FOFIFA (MDG)
• Ramarosandratana Aro Vonjy, Université d'Antananarivo (MDG)
• Fuzzati Nicola, CHANEL Parfums Beauté (FRA)
• Grisoni Michel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (MDG) ORCID: 0000-0001-9867-9098

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/609789/)

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