Harnessing attenuation-related mutations of viral genomes: Development of a serological assay to differentiate between capripoxvirus-infected and -vaccinated animals

Berguido Francisco, Chibssa Tesfaye Rufael, Loitsch Angelika, Liu Yang, Krstevski Kiril, Djadjovski Igor, Tuppurainen Eeva, Petrović Tamaš, Vidanović Dejan, Caufour Philippe, Settypalli Tirumala Bharani Kumar, Grünwald-Gruber Clemens, Grabherr Reingard, Diallo Adama, Cattoli Giovanni, Lamien Charles Euloge. 2023. Harnessing attenuation-related mutations of viral genomes: Development of a serological assay to differentiate between capripoxvirus-infected and -vaccinated animals. Viruses, 15 (12), n.spéc. Capripox Viruses: A Continuing Transboundary Threat to Animal Health:2318, 16 p.

https://doi.org/10.3390/v15122318

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact Revue en libre accès total

Prévisualisation

Version publiée - Anglais
Sous licence

.
611205.pdf
Télécharger (6MB) | Prévisualisation

Résumé : Sheeppox, goatpox, and lumpy skin disease caused by the sheeppox virus (SPPV), goatpox virus (GTPV), and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), respectively, are diseases that affect millions of ruminants and many low-income households in endemic countries, leading to great economic losses for the ruminant industry. The three viruses are members of the Capripoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. Live attenuated vaccines remain the only efficient means for controlling capripox diseases. However, serological tools have not been available to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA), though crucial for proper disease surveillance, control, and eradication efforts. We analysed the sequences of variola virus B22R homologue gene for SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV and observed significant differences between field and vaccine strains in all three capripoxvirus species, resulting in the truncation and absence of the B22R protein in major vaccines within each of the viral species. We selected and expressed a protein fragment present in wildtype viruses but absent in selected vaccine strains of all three species, taking advantage of these alterations in the B22R gene. An indirect ELISA (iELISA) developed using this protein fragment was evaluated on well-characterized sera from vaccinated, naturally and experimentally infected, and negative cattle and sheep. The developed wildtype-specific capripox DIVA iELISA showed >99% sensitivity and specificity for serum collected from animals infected with the wildtype virus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first wildtype-specific, DIVA-capable iELISA for poxvirus diseases exploiting changes in nucleotide sequence alterations in vaccine strains.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : capripoxvirus, vaccin, mutation, vaccination, maladie des animaux, maladie nodulaire cutanée, Test ELISA, sérologie, maladie de la peau, caprin, épidémiologie, contrôle de maladies