Co-managing the agriculture-biodiversity-health nexus in LMI countries: Can a (renewed) one health approach help?

De Garine-Wichatitsky Michel, Figuié Muriel, Allinne Clémentine, Bagny-Beilhe Leïla, Temple Ludovic. 2024. Co-managing the agriculture-biodiversity-health nexus in LMI countries: Can a (renewed) one health approach help?. . s.l. : s.n., Résumé, 3 p. World One Health Congress (WOHC 2024). 8, Cap Town, Afrique du Sud, 20 Septembre 2024/23 Septembre 2024.

Matériel d'accompagnement : 1 poster

Résumé : The future of societies and ecosystems worldwide depends on the adaptive management of complex interactions between biodiversity, climate and human activities and their impacts on human, animal and environmental health. We focus on agricultural activities which have a direct impact on food systems and living conditions, particularly in developing tropical or subtropical countries, due to high socio- economic dependency on agriculture, often deficient public health infrastructures, and high vulnerabilities to climate change and biodiversity erosion. The scope of One Health (OH) has been gradually broadened, from an initial focus on public health and zoonotic diseases affecting humans, domestic and wild animals, to include plants and ecosystem health. This expansion was endorsed by the United Nations Quadripartite Alliance of United Nations organizations on health1 and the associated OH Joint Plan of Action2. However, the operational application of this updated OH approach to address health and agricultural issues in tropical low-income countries is both promising and concerning. We analysed four recent and ongoing interdisciplinary action-research projects addressing health issues in various agro-ecosystems in Africa and SE Asia: i) AfriCam project3 aims at strengthening local collective capacities for action to prevent and manage the emergence of health risks. In a context of land transformation by agriculture in Cameroon, the approach adopted the concept of integrated health4 to generate and share common knowledge on agrobiodiversity to mobilise collective action and public policies to prevent zoonoses; ii) MozARH5 project investigated the evolution of the relations between humans and rodents in areas adjacent to the Limpopo National Park in Mozambique. It illustrates how a changing socioecological landscape can create new viral routes, including in areas apparently little affected by anthropogenic transformation6, questioning the idea of “natural” equilibrium; iii) Santés- Territoire project7 addresses agroecological transitions and OH issues in six sites in West Africa and SE Asia, adopting placed-based participatory framing of local health issues and co-designing actions to address them8,9. The main focus was often on reducing environmental pollution and mitigating its impacts on crops, soiland people, whereas infectious diseases and biodiversity loss were usually not prioritized; iv) PlantHealth project10 develops new paradigms for integrative approaches of plant health in Ivory Coast and Cambodia, building innovative indicators, along with understanding the diversity and dynamic of agricultural practices to adapt to o the various and changing sanitary conditions of cultivated plots. This requires renewing the link between researchers with various competences and farmers as primary stakeholders in plant health management. Each project case study explores a different facet of the Agriculture-Biodiversity-Health nexus, at various scales and in different LMI countries. We summarize the lessons learnt and put them in perspective with the OHHLEP definition1 and the OH Joint Plan of Action.

Mots-clés libres : One Health, Biodiversity, Agriculture

Auteurs et affiliations

• De Garine-Wichatitsky Michel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (THA) ORCID: 0000-0002-5438-1473
• Figuié Muriel, CIRAD-ES-UMR MOISA (MOZ) ORCID: 0009-0002-9878-0553
• Allinne Clémentine, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR GECO (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-8147-5977
• Bagny-Beilhe Leïla, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
• Temple Ludovic, CIRAD-ES-UMR INNOVATION (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-8723-4245

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/611538/)

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