Productivity evaluation of 10 Hevea brasiliensis clones in Ecuador under escape conditions for South American leaf blight

Rivano Franck, Vera John, Cevallos Victor, Lacote Régis, Gohet Eric. 2024. Productivity evaluation of 10 Hevea brasiliensis clones in Ecuador under escape conditions for South American leaf blight. Journal of Rubber Research, 27 : 517-528.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s42464-024-00268-0

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact

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Résumé : Areas identified as escape zones for Pseudocercospora ulei, the causal agent of South American Leaf Blight (SALB), are being sought for the development of profitable rubber growing, as high-yielding Asian clones can be grown there without suffering repeated defoliation caused by epidemics of the disease. A performance trial with 10 clones was set up in 2006 in such an escape zone in Ecuador with non-American clones whose high production potential is acknowledged elsewhere in the world, some of which are recommended on a commercial scale. Production results over seven years, between 2013 and 2019, indicated a very high potential for this material in this new region, reaching average yields of 2.5 t/ha/year for clones PB 280, PB 312 and PB 314, and 1.85 t/ha/year for the control clone RRIM 600, despite a very pronounced 5-month dry season. However, the risks of wind damage and tapping panel dryness were found to be very high for PB 312 and PB 314. Clone PB 280 proved to perform best overall, with 93% of trees in production and one of the lowest Tapping Panel Dryness (TPD) rates. This clone, distinguished by its medium high latex metabolism and a high sucrose reserve, presents a highly promising alternative for the cultivation of rubber trees in escape zones. This is particularly relevant in situations where the phytosanitary risk associated with P. ulei is constrained.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Hevea brasiliensis, clone, latex, fertilisation, Pseudocercospora, maladie des plantes, rendement des cultures, productivité, rendement, métabolisme

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Équateur

Mots-clés complémentaires : Pseudocercospora ulei

Mots-clés libres : Hevea brasiliensis, Pseudocercospora ulei, Escape area· Ecuador, Rubber yield

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
H20 - Maladies des plantes
F01 - Culture des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

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