Investigating and promoting new local legume symbioses for development in West African and Mediterranean countries

De Lajudie Philippe, Neyra Marc, Galiana Antoine, N'Zoué Angèle, Sy Abdoulaye, Molouba Flore, Chaintreuil Clémence, Moulin Lionel, Le Roux Christine, Domergue Odile, Jourand Philippe, Renier Adeline, Mérabet Chahinez, Bekki Abdelkader, Gueye Mamadou, Sylla Samba, Ndoye Ibrahima, Diouf Diégane, Wade T., Sow H., Houngnandan P., Zoubeirou Alzouma Mayaki, Yattara Inamoud, Sacko Ousmane, Atallah T., Zakhia Frédéric, Mars Messaoud, Mahdhi Mosbah, Jeder Habib, Filali-Maltouf Abdelkarim, Mohamed S.H., Dreyfus Bernard. 2008. Investigating and promoting new local legume symbioses for development in West African and Mediterranean countries. In : 8th European Nitrogen Fixation Conference, Gent, Belgium, August 30 - September 3, 2008. s.l. : s.n., Résumé, 279. European Nitrogen Fixation Conference. 8, Ghent, Belgique, 30 Août 2008/3 Septembre 2008.

Résumé : ln the context of climate change, increasing earth population, and burst of energy cost, legumes should contribute more to 60th food security and sustainable management of natural resources (water and soils) in the next years. A collaborative work with research groups in several developing countries during the past 20 years focused on investigation and sampling of local wild legumes (herbs, shrubs, and trees) with environmental/agronomic/forestry potential in West Africa and in the Mediterranean region. New symbiotic systems were discovered, resulting in new models for fundamental research, and new applications. This is, for one part, due to their associated microsymbionts, often belonging to unexpected bacterial groups with original physiological/metabolic properties, i.e. photosynthesis, free-living nitrogen fixation, methylothrophy, tolerance to extreme environmental conditions (salinity, aridity, heavy metals, a,d hydrocarbon breakdown), stem nodulation, and beneficial associations with non-Iegume plants (cereals). This may account for their wider adaptation to a variety of plant species and ecological habitats than previously thought, opening new insights for the domestication of these "multipurpose rhizobia". Indeed, new arable soils are required worldwide, often from degraded lands, affected by aridity, salinity, mining activities, and pollution. Rhizobia may thus participate as tools. Several examples picked up from our diversity investigations over recent years will be presented to illustrate either success stories of beneficial use of these new symbioses or reasonably good perspectives of application of research in different aspects, soil fertility regeneration/maintenance, food crop production optimization (i.e. green manure, nematode control, and associated cultures), and sustainable environmental management. We will present how federations farmers organizations at the local, regional, and national levels became active collaborative partners in these studies, and how results can be efficiently disseminated to !heir end-user members (smal1 fanners, NGOs, foresters, agronomists, cattle breeders, industrials, etc). (Texte intégral)

Classification Agris : P34 - Biologie du sol
F01 - Culture des plantes
P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières

Auteurs et affiliations

• De Lajudie Philippe, IRD (FRA)
• Neyra Marc, IRD (FRA)
• Galiana Antoine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR LSTM (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-5293-5049
• N'Zoué Angèle, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR LSTM (FRA)
• Sy Abdoulaye, CIRAD-AMIS-UMR LSTM (FRA)
• Molouba Flore, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR LSTM (FRA)
• Chaintreuil Clémence, IRD (FRA)
• Moulin Lionel, IRD (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-9068-6912
• Le Roux Christine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR LSTM (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-0668-3589
• Domergue Odile, INRA (FRA)
• Jourand Philippe, CIRAD-AMIS-UMR LSTM (FRA)
• Renier Adeline, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR LSTM (FRA)
• Mérabet Chahinez, Université d'Oran (DZA)
• Bekki Abdelkader, Université d'Oran (DZA)
• Gueye Mamadou, ISRA (SEN)
• Sylla Samba, IRD (SEN)
• Ndoye Ibrahima, IRD (SEN)
• Diouf Diégane, UCAD (SEN)
• Wade T., IRD (SEN)
• Sow H., ASPRODEB (SEN)
• Houngnandan P., UAC (BEN)
• Zoubeirou Alzouma Mayaki, Université Abdou Moumouni (NER)
• Yattara Inamoud, Université du Mali (MLI)
• Sacko Ousmane, Université du Mali (MLI)
• Atallah T., Université Libanaise (LBN)
• Zakhia Frédéric, Université Libanaise (LBN)
• Mars Messaoud, Université de Gabès (TUN)
• Mahdhi Mosbah, Université de Gabès (TUN)
• Jeder Habib, Université de Gabès (TUN)
• Filali-Maltouf Abdelkarim
• Mohamed S.H.
• Dreyfus Bernard, IRD (FRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/553559/)

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