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Origin and domestication of the Nacional cacao variety from Ecuador and collecting expedition of new related genetic resources. W121

Loor Rey Gaston, Fouet Olivier, Lemainque Arnaud, Pavek Sylvana, Risterucci Ange-Marie, Courtois Brigitte, Boccara Michel, Argout Xavier, Lachenaud Philippe, Rosenquist Eric, Cros Emile, Boulanger Renaud, Amores Fredy, Vasco Alfonso, Lanaud Claire. 2012. Origin and domestication of the Nacional cacao variety from Ecuador and collecting expedition of new related genetic resources. W121. In : Plant and Animal Genome XX conference, San Diego, USA, January 14-18 2012,. s.l. : s.n., Résumé, 1 p. Plant and Animal Genome conference. 20, San Diego, États-Unis, 14 Janvier 2012/18 Janvier 2012.

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Résumé : In order to increase our knowledge about the origin of the fine flavour Nacional cacao variety cultivated in Ecuador, 332 samples representing the modern Nacional cacao population were collected along the coast region and analyzed with 40 SSR markers. The results showed a hybrid population; however, based on paternity analyses some cacao genotypes appeared to be at the origin of more than 90% of this population and could represent the native Nacional cacao variety present before the foreign germplasm introductions. Trying to determine the geographical origin of the Nacional cacaos previously identified, 80 SSR markers were used to analyze its genetic relationship with a wide range of wild and cultivated genotypes, collected in South and Central America. The highest genetic relationship was found with some wild accessions from the south Ecuadorian Amazonia, where archeological evidence confirms the existence of pre- Columbian civilizations that inhabited the region. With the help of the Shuar Federation, a collecting expedition of wild cacao was carried out in the South Amazonian province of Zamora Chinchipe from Ecuador. A total of 83 wild or semiwild ("primitive") trees were sampled, some of them collected at more than 1000m of altitude. Two field cacao collections were established with the collected material at the INIAP facilities. The first DNA and biochemical analyses showed the highest relationship between the Nacional pool with some cacaos collected along the Nangaritza river. These collections represent important genetic resources for the improvement of the Nacional variety. (Texte integral)

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie

Auteurs et affiliations

  • Loor Rey Gaston, INIAP (ECU)
  • Fouet Olivier, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-8547-1474
  • Lemainque Arnaud, CNG (FRA)
  • Pavek Sylvana, CNG (FRA)
  • Risterucci Ange-Marie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
  • Courtois Brigitte, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-2118-7102
  • Boccara Michel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (TTO)
  • Argout Xavier, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-0100-5511
  • Lachenaud Philippe, CIRAD-BIOS-UPR Bioagresseurs (GUF)
  • Rosenquist Eric, USDA (USA)
  • Cros Emile
  • Boulanger Renaud, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Qualisud (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-9396-5634
  • Amores Fredy, INIAP (ECU)
  • Vasco Alfonso, INIAP (ECU)
  • Lanaud Claire, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-6411-7310

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/564651/)

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