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Experiences in agroecology and pest control in the global tropics

Deguine Jean-Philippe. 2017. Experiences in agroecology and pest control in the global tropics. . Hanoï : s.n., Résumé, 1 p. Maximising opportunities for Biological Control in Asia's Changing Agro-Landscapes. A Hands-on Training Course, Hanoï, Viet Nam, 2 Septembre 2017/9 Septembre 2017.

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Deguine 2017 Training Course Abstract.pdf

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Exposé de formation Deguine Hanoi 2017 training program Kris.pdf

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Résumé : Intensive agriculture, based on 'green revolution' practices such as monocultures, agro-chemical inputs and intensive tillage with high level of fuel consumption, has helped to meet the rapidly-growing needs of global populations and markets. Yet, agricultural intensification also has devastating effects on the environment, affects farm profitability and impacts human health, of farmers and consumers. Especially the non-guided use of chemically-synthesized pesticides now poses real social problems that occur across the globe, and is having devastating consequences for wildlife and world's biodiversity. Such a situation can only be remediated by a paradigm shift, an increased attention to applied (on-farm) research and grower education, and a deliberate promotion of practices that safeguard nature and the environment. In Asia, Agroecological Crop Protection (ACP) has a long and rich history. In fact, the oldest example of ACP pertains to the conservation of weaver ants (Oecophylla spp.) by farmers in ancient China and Vietnam, to control insect pests in citrus orchards. In a first part, this talk presents the pricniples of Agroecological Crop Protection. ACP is a crop protection concept based on ecological principles, which aims to make agroecosystems more sustainable. In other words, ACP is a crop protection practice that boosts sustainability and resilience of the world's farming systems, and is guided by ecological techniques. The second part presents the axes, the pillars and the implementation strategy in the fields. By focusing on preventive measures, ACP aims at establishing a bioecological balance between plant and animal communities within an agroecosystem in order to prevent or reduce the risk of infections or outbreaks of pests' outbreaks. ACP is based on 2 axis: i) enhance biodiversity (vegetal/animal) and ii) soil health. It is therefore very consistent and complementary to Conservation Agriculture, devoted to agroecosystem soil management. In addition, the three pillars of implementation of ACP are sanitation, habitat management and biological control. New scales of intervention are considered, both in terms of space and time in accordance with participatory, global and systemic approaches. ACP practices are brought in through the universal phytosanitary strategy of halting pesticide treatments, implementing preventive measures (prophylaxis, varietal resistance or tolerance, avoidance of pest attacks, habitat management, soil management) and other phytosanitary and crop echniques compatible with ACP and Conservation Biological Control, such as physical barriers, or mulch-based cropping systems). ACP does not prohibit the use of curative measures if required, including the use of selective chemical pesticides as a last resort and under strict control, so as not to jeopardize the biological measures put in place. The third part of the presentation describes some case studies of application of ACP in farmer field conditions, particularly in fruit and vegetable cropping systems.

Auteurs et affiliations

  • Deguine Jean-Philippe, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/586430/)

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