Low seroprevalence of hepatitis E on Reunion island

Gérardin Patrick, Porphyre Vincent, Tsatoromila Anita, Cuissard Laurent, Becquart Jean-Philippe, Boussaid Karim, Bertolotti Antoine, Naze Florence, Picot Sandrine, Filleul Laurent, Tortosa Pablo, Jaubert Julien, Guernier Vanina, Pascalis Hervé. 2019. Low seroprevalence of hepatitis E on Reunion island. One Health, 8:100110, 5 p.

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH (Science) / Quartile : Q1, Sujet : INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Résumé : Objective: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been scarcely investigated in the Indian Ocean. Following a nationwide serosurvey among blood donors, we conducted a population-based serosurvey to assess the magnitude of HEV exposure on Reunion Island. Methods: Four hundred and sixty-six archived frozen human sera from the 2009 CoPanFlu-RUN cohort were analysed using the Wantai HEV IgG enzyme immunoassay. HEV seropositivity was defined as an IgG titre ≥5 UI/ml. Raw and weighted seroprevalences were assessed to account for the discrepancy between the CoPanFlu-RUN subset and the general community. Prevalence proportion ratios (PPR) were measured using log-binomial models. Results: The raw and the weighted seroprevalences of HEV were 9.01% (95% CI 6.41–11.61) and 6.73% (95% CI 4.47–8.98), respectively. The presence of HEV IgG antibodies was associated with increasing age (P < 0.001). In a survey-adjusted model minimizing the sampling bias and adjusting for age, males were more likely to be seropositive than females (adjusted PPR 2.59, 95% CI 1.07–6.25). Seropositivity was spatially heterogeneous across the island (P < 0.01). Living in the neighbourhood of a pig farm within a low to intermediate slope area was associated with seropositivity in several models adjusting for age, gender, altitude of residency and interaction between slope and pig farms. Conclusion: Reunion Island is a low endemic area for HEV exposure. Despite limitations related to the retrospective study design, our findings confirm the roles of cumulative lifetime exposure and male gender in HEV exposure. The risk associated with neighbouring pig farms might also suggest environmental contamination in this setting.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : zoonose, porcin, immunodiagnostic, population humaine

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : La Réunion, France

Mots-clés libres : Serology, Immunoassay, Seroepidemiological study, Serosurvey, Stored frozen serum, Hepatitis E, Pig farms, Zoonosis, Prevalence, General population

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
L01 - Élevage - Considérations générales

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Gérardin Patrick, INSERM (REU) - auteur correspondant
• Porphyre Vincent, CIRAD-ES-UMR SELMET (REU) ORCID: 0000-0002-5561-2667 - auteur correspondant
• Tsatoromila Anita, CHU (REU)
• Cuissard Laurent, CHU (REU)
• Becquart Jean-Philippe, CHU (REU)
• Boussaid Karim, INSERM (REU)
• Bertolotti Antoine, INSERM (REU)
• Naze Florence, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Réunion (REU)
• Picot Sandrine, CHU (REU)
• Filleul Laurent, Santé Publique France (REU)
• Tortosa Pablo, Université de la Réunion (REU)
• Jaubert Julien, CHU (REU)
• Guernier Vanina, CRVOI (REU)
• Pascalis Hervé, Université de la Réunion (REU)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/594001/)

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