Plankton Planet: A frugal, cooperative measure of aquatic life at the planetary scale

de Vargas Colomban, Le Bescot Noan, Pollina Thibault, Henry Nicolas, Romac Sarah, Colin Sébastien, Haëntjens Nils, Carmichael Margaux, Berger Calixte, Le Guen David, Decelle Johan, Mahe Frédéric, Poulain Julie, Malpot Emmanuel, Beaumont Carole, Hardy Michel, Guiffant Damien, Probert Ian, Gruber David F., Allen Andrew E., Gorsky Gabriel, Follows Michael J., Pochon Xavier, Troublé Romain, Cael B.B., Lombard Fabien, Boss Emmanuel, Prakash Manu. 2022. Plankton Planet: A frugal, cooperative measure of aquatic life at the planetary scale. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9:936972, 17 p.

Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6778240

Résumé : In every liter of seawater there are between 10 and 100 billion life forms, mostly invisible, called marine plankton or marine microbiome, which form the largest and most dynamic ecosystem on our planet, at the heart of global ecological and economic processes. While physical and chemical parameters of planktonic ecosystems are fairly well measured and modeled at the planetary scale, biological data are still scarce due to the extreme cost and relative inflexibility of the classical vessels and instruments used to explore marine biodiversity. Here we introduce 'Plankton Planet', an initiative whose goal is to engage the curiosity and creativity of researchers, makers, and mariners to (i) co-develop a new generation of cost-effective (frugal) universal scientific instrumentation to measure the genetic and morphological diversity of marine microbiomes in context, (ii) organize their systematic deployment through coastal or open ocean communities of sea-users/farers, to generate uniform plankton data across global and long-term spatio-temporal scales, and (iii) setup tools to flow the data without embargo into public and explorable databases. As proof-of-concept, we show how 20 crews of sailors were able to sample plankton biomass from the world surface ocean in a single year, generating the first seatizen-based, planetary dataset of marine plankton biodiversity based on DNA barcodes. The quality of this dataset is comparable to that generated by Tara Oceans and is not biased by the multiplication of samplers. The data unveil significant genetic novelty and can be used to explore the taxonomic and ecological diversity of plankton at both regional and global scales. This pilot project paves the way for construction of a miniaturized, modular, evolvable, affordable and open-source citizen field-platform that will allow systematic assessment of the eco/morpho/genetic variation of aquatic ecosystems and microbiomes across the dimensions of the Earth system.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : écologie marine, plancton, biodiversité, plankton surveys [EN], écosystème marin, instrument de mesure, morphologie côtière, écosystème

Agences de financement hors UE : Richard Lounsbery Foundation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Total Foundation, Fondation Tara Océan

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Biotechnologies et bioressources pour la valorisation des écosystèmes marins planctoniques, (FRA) Complexité génomique de l'holobionte " corail " à l'échelle du Pacifique

Auteurs et affiliations

• de Vargas Colomban, Sorbonne université (FRA) - auteur correspondant
• Le Bescot Noan, Sorbonne université (FRA)
• Pollina Thibault, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Henry Nicolas, Sorbonne université (FRA)
• Romac Sarah, Sorbonne université (FRA)
• Colin Sébastien, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Haëntjens Nils, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Carmichael Margaux, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Berger Calixte, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Le Guen David, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Decelle Johan, Université Grenoble Alpes (FRA)
• Mahe Frédéric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PHIM (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-2808-0984
• Poulain Julie, Institut de génomique (FRA)
• Malpot Emmanuel, Cawthron Aquaculture Park (NZL)
• Beaumont Carole
• Hardy Michel
• Guiffant Damien, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Probert Ian, Sorbonne université (FRA)
• Gruber David F., University of New-York (USA)
• Allen Andrew E., The J. Craig Venter Institute (USA)
• Gorsky Gabriel, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Follows Michael J., MIT (USA)
• Pochon Xavier, University of Auckland (NZL)
• Troublé Romain, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Cael B.B., Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Lombard Fabien, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA)
• Boss Emmanuel, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA) - auteur correspondant
• Prakash Manu, Plankton Planet Non-Governmental Organization (FRA) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/603416/)

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