Efficacy of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi against the black aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli under controlled conditions in Tanzania

Boni Simon Boniface, Mwashimaha Robert, Mlowe Nickson, Sotelo-Cardona Paola, Nordey Thibault. 2021. Efficacy of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi against the black aphid, Aphis fabae Scopoli under controlled conditions in Tanzania. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 41 (2) : 1643-1651.

Quartile : Q3, Sujet : ENTOMOLOGY

Résumé : Worldwide application of synthetic insecticides as a main way of controlling aphids on various crops has resulted in diverse problems such as failures in pest control, negative public health and environmental impacts, and a build-up of resistance against insecticides by insect pests. Entomopathogenic fungi can be used as an alternative to insecticides since they offer the benefit of being environmentally friendly, without the risk of insect pests developing resistance. This study assessed 19 different indigenous fungi in the laboratory for their ability to control Aphis fabae Scopoli at various conidial concentrations (104, 105, 106 and 107 spores/ml) using the detached leaf method. A. fabae adults were reared on potted cowpea in cages. Both the 19 fungus types and their respective conidial concentrations used to treat A. fabae differed significantly (P < 0.001) in their ability to kill the pest. The A. fabae mortality rate increased in line with the increase in the conidial concentration of the fungus type, and Aspergillus flavus Link S18 and S19 performed better than the other fungus types evaluated. Aspergillus flavus S18 and S19 are recommended for further tests in the greenhouse to validate the laboratory results. The fact that the Aspergillus strains isolated and tested were all aflatoxin-producing strains calls for caution regarding their potential impacts on human and animal health. Further studies are recommended to conduct similar experiments using non-aflatoxin-producing strains of A. flavus, in order to determine whether they have similar effects on A. fabae.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : champignon entomopathogène, résistance aux organismes nuisibles, lutte anti-insecte, Aspergillus flavus, Aphis fabae, résistance aux insecticides, méthode de lutte, impact sur l'environnement

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : République-Unie de Tanzanie

Mots-clés libres : Biocontrol, Mycopesticide, Cowpea pests, World Vegetable Center, Aspergillus

Classification Agris : H01 - Protection des végétaux - Considérations générales
H10 - Ravageurs des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement hors UE : Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office, United States Agency for International Development, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research

Auteurs et affiliations

• Boni Simon Boniface, World Vegable Center (TZA) - auteur correspondant
• Mwashimaha Robert, World Vegable Center (TZA)
• Mlowe Nickson, World Vegetable Center (TZA)
• Sotelo-Cardona Paola, Multiflower Ltd (TZA)
• Nordey Thibault, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR HortSys (BEN)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/606217/)

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