Runoff and soil loss are drastically decreased in a rubber plantation combining the spreading of logging residues with a legume cover

Perron Thibaut, Legrand Marianne, Janeau Jean-Louis, Manizan Antoine, Vierling Cécile, Kouakou Aymard, Brauman Alain, Gay Frédéric, Laclau Jean-Paul, Mareschal Louis. 2024. Runoff and soil loss are drastically decreased in a rubber plantation combining the spreading of logging residues with a legume cover. Science of the Total Environment, 913:169335, 15 p.

Résumé : Soil erosion on agricultural land is a major threat for food and raw materials production. It has become a major concern in rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantations introduced on sloping ground. Alternative agroecological crop management practices must be investigated. One aim of our study was to assess the ability of logging residues (i.e., trunks, branches, leaves and stumps of a clearcut plantation) and of legume cover (Pueraria phaseoloides) to mitigate N, P and K losses through runoff and soil detachment in a young rubber plantation. The other aim was to investigate the relationships of these nutrient losses with soil structure and soil macrofauna diversity. Runoff and soil loss were monitored for 3 years using 1-m2 plots under different practices as regards the management of logging residues and the use or not of a legume. The monitoring started when rubber trees were one-year-old. The planting row, where soil was bare, was the hotspot of soil erosion, with an average runoff of 832 mm y−1 and soil loss of 3.2 kg m−2 y−1. Sowing a legume in the inter-row reduced runoff and soil loss by 88 % and 98 % respectively, compared to bare soil. Spreading logging residues as well as growing a legume cover almost eliminated runoff and soil detachment (19 mm y−1 and 4 g m−2 y−1 respectively). Nutrient losses were negligible as long as the soil surface was covered by a legume crop, with or without logging residues. Total N loss from soil detachment ranged from 0.02 to 0.2 g m−2 y−1, for example. Spreading logging residues in the inter-rows significantly improved soil structure and soil macrofauna diversity compared to bare soil. Nutrient losses from runoff and soil detachment were negatively correlated with improved soil structure and soil macrofauna diversity. We recommend investigating alternative ways to manage planting rows.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Hevea brasiliensis, déchet d'exploitation forestière, fertilité du sol, érosion, ruissellement, agroécologie, plantations, substance nutritive, plante de couverture, couverture végétale

Mots-clés libres : Erosion, Rubber, Biodiversity, Agroecology, Hevea, Logging residues, Nutrient, Loss

Classification Agris : P36 - Érosion, conservation et récupération des sols
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Agences de financement hors UE : Institut Français du Caoutchouc, Manufacture Française des Pneumatiques Michelin, SOCFIN, SIPH

Projets sur financement : (FRA) FERTIM

Auteurs et affiliations

• Perron Thibaut, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR ABSys (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-3664-2684 - auteur correspondant
• Legrand Marianne, Université de Montpellier (FRA)
• Janeau Jean-Louis, Sorbonne université (FRA)
• Manizan Antoine, SOGB (CIV)
• Vierling Cécile, Université de Montpellier (FRA)
• Kouakou Aymard, Université de Montpellier (FRA)
• Brauman Alain, IRD (FRA)
• Gay Frédéric, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR ABSys (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-7624-8489
• Laclau Jean-Paul, CIRAD-DG-Direction générale (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-2506-214X
• Mareschal Louis, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Eco&Sols (COG)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/607745/)

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