Development of dual-purpose sorghum in Mali provide agroecological intensification of livestock farming

Doumbia Mohamed, Vaksmann Michel, Sissoko Aliou, Diakité Mahamadou, Thera Korothimi, Sissoko Salifou, Témé Niaba, Tekete Mohamed Lamine, Yebedié Ankounidjou, Sanogo Sekouba, Kamissoko Sayon, Yoroté Abdouramane, Maiga Alfousseiny, Bereté Brahima, Karembé Moussa, Coulibaly Harouna. 2023. Development of dual-purpose sorghum in Mali provide agroecological intensification of livestock farming. In : Sorghum in the 21th century: Resiliency and Sustainability in the Face of Climate Change. Book of Abstracts. CIRAD, Kansas State University, Sorghum International Development, IRD, CERAAS. Montpellier : CIRAD-Kansas State University, Résumé, p. 270. Sorghum in the 21st Century, Global Sorghum Conference, Montpellier, France, 5 Juin 2023/9 Juin 2023.

Résumé : Context: Rural community land saturation and intensive livestock farming lead to new fodder demands no longer satisfied by the current systems. Livestock and crop farmers satisfy currently their fodder demand by growing maize which is rapidly expanding over traditional cereals resulting in a significant agricultural biodiversity decline. Breeding innovative novel double purpose sorghum varieties sorghum will help develop value chains around fodder production. This new fodder will bear a positive impact on farmers' incomes, particularly around urban centers where fodder shortages are a brake on intensive cattle farming. Material and Method: Sorghum varieties with improved fodder quality and higher biomass yield, integrating the bmr gene (better digestibility) were developed. Phenology and above ground biomass establishment were carried out to calibrate crop models to predict novel varieties adaptation. Feeding value was determined using near-infrared spectroscopy while productivity was confirmed through a multilocation trial network. Results and Discussion: Similar to landraces, new varieties, sensitive to photoperiod, adjust maturity according to the end of rainy season. Photoperiodic varieties are therefore naturally adapted to climate variability, which is the main expected effect of climate change. Biomass produced by new sorghum varieties exceeds that of maize. Using dwarf plants or late planting increases stover quality but also reduces biomass production while bmr trait introgression allows us to reduce stem lignin content without affecting yield potential. Many traits inherited from landraces (photoperiod, tillering, plant height and grain quality) that have long often been overlooked are now important stakes in breeding programs. Sorghum is known for its good water and mineral use efficiency, but crop models must be adapted to specific case of photoperiodic sorghums. Conclusion: This research, which reconciles science and local knowledge, will lead to the co-construction with farmers of new cropping systems compatible with an agro-ecological intensification fodder production.

Auteurs et affiliations

• Doumbia Mohamed, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Vaksmann Michel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-5258-1279 - auteur correspondant
• Sissoko Aliou, IER (MLI)
• Diakité Mahamadou, IER (MLI)
• Thera Korothimi, IER (MLI)
• Sissoko Salifou, IER (MLI)
• Témé Niaba, IER (MLI)
• Tekete Mohamed Lamine, IER (MLI)
• Yebedié Ankounidjou, IER (MLI)
• Sanogo Sekouba, IER (MLI)
• Kamissoko Sayon, IER (MLI)
• Yoroté Abdouramane, IER (MLI)
• Maiga Alfousseiny, IER (MLI)
• Bereté Brahima, IER (MLI)
• Karembé Moussa, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (MLI)
• Coulibaly Harouna, IER (MLI)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/609424/)

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