Challenges of the management of pest and diseases in organic banana production: a holistic and realistic point of view in export systems

De Lapeyre Luc. 2022. Challenges of the management of pest and diseases in organic banana production: a holistic and realistic point of view in export systems. . ISHS. Angers : ISHS, Résumé, 1 p. International Horticultural Congress (IHC 2022): International Symposium on Banana: Celebrating Banana Organic Production. 31, Angers, France, 14 Août 2022/20 Août 2022.

Matériel d'accompagnement : 1 diaporama (41 vues)

Résumé : Since the 60's, banana for exportation relies on the cultivation of a unique small group of cultivars belonging to the Cavendish sub group of triploid Musa acuminata (AAA). The recent organic production (since the middle of the 90's) has not changed this feature. The conventional banana industry has to face many enemies from which Black Sigatoka, Black weevil, phytoparasitic nematodes and post-harvest diseases (crown rot and crown rot) are the most important. These enemies are generally controlled by the means of pesticides, but such control is not allowed in organic farms. Here we will review the various levers used and available for the management of such enemies in organic banana plantations. The first lever user by organic farmers has been the establishment of organic banana production in places unfavorable for the development of these enemies. Organic production has then been established in dry areas where Black Sigatoka, a fungal disease of the foliage, could be more easily controlled. It's also a fact that black weevil and phytoparasitic nematodes are also less prevalent in such areas. Biological control (biota against biota) and biocontrol (including also natural substances and chemical mediators) have also been a second lever used. Many biofungicides have been registered (microorganisms, plant extracts, …) but their evaluation in experimental conditions has shown generally a poor biological efficiency. The best success for such approaches remains the use of pheromones for the control of black weevils. We will finally show some examples of cultural practices as an important lever, generally poorly considered, for the control of banana enemies without pesticides. Such practices include prophyllaxy (including fallow periods), physical barriers, plant nutrition, pruning in order to modify source-sink ratio, harvest stage management are some examples of efficient tools for the management of pests and diseases of bananas that should be used in an integrated way with other levers for an efficient control.

Auteurs et affiliations

• De Lapeyre Luc, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR GECO (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-1243-0887

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/611856/)

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