La connaissance et l'exploitation du génome pour les pays du Sud

Weil Alain. 1999. La connaissance et l'exploitation du génome pour les pays du Sud. OCL. Oléagineux Corps gras Lipides, 6 (2) : 160-165.

Résumé : The increase which is forecast for the world population in the next 50 years will require a high rise in productivity where food consumption is bound to step up most. This appears hardly compatible with the present production techniques. Technological breakthroughs will therefore prove necessary to ensure the sustainability of the new forming systems. No solution should be neglected from the start and biotechnology in oil its dimensions, including genetic engineering, should be considered as belonging to the toolbox of available solutions. Needless to say, this objective does not imply that all necessary safety precautions should not be taken as to the conditions of their use. The countries in the South will inevitably be affected by the generalisation of these techniques in the North. Either willingly and justifiably, or unconsciously, they have already entered the biotech era. Therefore, the question no longer is whether such on evolution is desirable or not, but how best to ensure that they will draw the greatest benefit out of it for their own development. The knowledge and exploitation of genome appears extremely promising, but it may also contribute to extending further the gap between countries or social groups. Accordingly, every country needs to develop the minimum capacity required to define and implement its own choices as rationally as possible. Cooperatinq with the private sector is a prerequisite, exactly as it is for public research institutions, They ait need ta use their comparative advantages, from genetic resources ta filinq for patents as tradeoffs for proprietary techniques ond genes, ta gain access ta the best negocicting position they can reach.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : génome, organisme génétiquement modifié, pays en développement, brevet, organisation de la recherche, biotechnologie

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Weil Alain, CIRAD-DG-DS (FRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/391691/)

Métriques

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