Trueness-to-type and agronomic characteristics of Coffea arabica trees micropropagated by the embryogenic cell suspension technique

Etienne Hervé, Bertrand Benoît. 2001. Trueness-to-type and agronomic characteristics of Coffea arabica trees micropropagated by the embryogenic cell suspension technique. Tree Physiology, 21 (14) : 1031-1038.

Résumé : Trueness-to-type and agronomic characteristics of trees of four coffee (Coffea arabica L.) F1 hybrid clones derived from embryogenic cell suspensions were compared with those of trees produced from in vitro microcuttings. Three types of variants were observed among the 644 trees derived from embryogenic suspensions. Total frequency of the variants was 2.1% for trees originating from embryogenic cell suspensions, whereas no variant was found among the trees produced from microcuttings. The variant known as "thick leaf" had thick leaves, many abnormally starry flowers and low yields of large fruit. The "dwarf" variant was characterized by slow growth and small fruit. The "dwarf peaberry" variant had abnormal seeds in a single cavity, in addition to the "thick leaf" and "dwarf" characteristics. Compared with normal trees, the variants differed in leaf density and number of chloroplasts per guard cell. The variants aside, there were no differences in the main agronomic characteristics between trees produced from embryogenic suspensions and those produced from microcuttings. For all four clones, the trees had vegetative characteristics, productivity, fertility, and bean biochemical, mineral and organoleptic characteristics that were identical to those of the controls. We conclude that it is possible to generate coffee trees commercially with normal agronomic performance from embryogenic suspensions, because the frequency with which somaclonal variants occur is limited.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Coffea arabica, micropropagation, expérimentation au champ, bouture, variation somaclonale, Embryogénèse somatique, caractère agronomique, propriété organoleptique

Classification Agris : F02 - Multiplication végétative des plantes
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale
Q04 - Composition des produits alimentaires

Auteurs et affiliations

• Etienne Hervé, CIRAD-CP-CAFE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-6208-9982
• Bertrand Benoît, CIRAD-CP-CAFE (CRI) ORCID: 0000-0003-1969-3479

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/481636/)

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