Description and analysis of the poultry trading network in the Lake Alaotra region, Madagascar: Implications for the surveillance and control of Newcastle disease

Rasamoelina-Andriamanivo Harentsoaniaina, Duboz Raphaël, Lancelot Renaud, Maminiaina Olivier Fridolin, Jourdan Marion, Rakotondramaro Tatiana Miraille Caroline, Rakotonjanahary Sylvie Nalihanta, Servan de Almeida Renata, Rakotondravao, Durand Benoit, Chevalier Véronique. 2014. Description and analysis of the poultry trading network in the Lake Alaotra region, Madagascar: Implications for the surveillance and control of Newcastle disease. Acta Tropica, 135 : 10-18.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.03.008

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Quartile : Q2, Sujet : TROPICAL MEDICINE / Quartile : Q2, Sujet : PARASITOLOGY

Résumé : Madagascar's 36.5-million-head poultry industry holds a foremost place in its economy and the livelihood of its people. Unfortunately, regular Newcastle disease outbreaks associated with high mortality causes high losses for smallholders and threatens their livelihood. Therefore, Madagascar is seeking concrete, achievable and sustainable methods for the surveillance and the control of Newcastle disease. In this paper, we present and analyze the results of a field study conducted in Madagascar between December 2009 and December 2010. The study area was the Lac Alaotra region, a landlocked area in the north-eastern part of the country's center. Poultry trading is suspected of playing a major role in the spread of avian diseases, especially in developing countries characterized by many live-bird markets and middlemen. Therefore, the goals of our study were to: (i) describe and analyze smallholders' poultry trading network in the Lake Alaotra region using social network analysis; (ii) assess the role of the network in the spread of Newcastle disease; and (iii) propose the implementation of a targeted disease surveillance based on the characteristics of the poultry trading network. We focused our field study on the harvesting of two data sets. The first is a complete description of the poultry trading network in the landlocked area of Lac Alaotra, including a description of the poultry movements between groups of villages. The second set of data measures the occurrence of outbreaks in the same area by combining a participatory approach with an event-based surveillance method. These data were used to determine the attributes of the network, and to statistically assess the association between the position of nodes and the occurrence of outbreaks. By using social network analysis techniques combined with a classification method and a logistic model, we finally identified 3 nodes (set of villages), of the 387 in the initial network, to focus on for surveillance and control in the Lac Alaotra area. This result is of primary importance in the ongoing efforts to effectively improve the wellbeing of people in the region.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : maladie de Newcastle, surveillance épidémiologique, élevage de volailles, volaille, marketing, marché, circuit de commercialisation, petite exploitation agricole

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Madagascar

Mots-clés géographiques complémentaires : Lac Alaotra

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
E70 - Commerce, commercialisation et distribution

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

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