Morphological and histological impacts of the laurina mutation on fructification and seed characteristics in Coffea arabica L.

Adler Sophie, Verdeil Jean-Luc, Lartaud Marc, Fock-Bastide Isabelle, Joët Thierry, Conejero Geneviève, Noirot Michel. 2014. Morphological and histological impacts of the laurina mutation on fructification and seed characteristics in Coffea arabica L.. Trees, 28 (2) : 585-595.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : FORESTRY

Résumé : Coffea arabica 'Laurina' (Bourbon pointu) is a natural mutant of Coffea arabica 'Bourbon'. Relative to the 'Bourbon' cultivar, it is characterized by internode dwarfism, a Christmas tree shape, and lower caffeine content. The effects of the laurina mutation on fructification over time, the fruit structure and seed characteristics were studied here. Fruits of 'Bourbon' and 'Bourbon pointu' were monitored. The trees were grown in the same plot and flowered on the same day. Harvesting was done every 2 weeks from the 6th to the 26th week after flowering. Histological observations were carried out using multiphoton and conventional microscopes. The measurements concerned the fruit, parchment and seed. Five novel findings on fructification development were obtained: (1) a sigmoid model and non-linear regression efficiently described the phenomenon; (2) a precise relationship was defined between the qualitative stages of fructification and quantitative observations, thus revealing key weeks in this process; (3) the parchment had a mesocarpic origin; (4) a meristematic zone was present close to the parchment; and (5) an endocarp with three cell layers was visible in young fruits. Three effects of the laurina mutation were highlighted: (1) fruit growth ended 1 week earlier in 'Bourbon', but without difference in fruit length. In contrast, fruits were wider on average in 'Bourbon'; (2) the parchment of narrow seeds in 'Bourbon pointu' was thicker than in other 'Bourbon pointu' and 'Bourbon' seeds; and (3) the narrow seed frequency in 'Bourbon pointu' depended on environmental conditions.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Coffea arabica, mutant, développement biologique, fructification, fruits, graine, tissu végétal, anatomie végétale

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : La Réunion, France

Classification Agris : F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes
F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

Auteurs et affiliations

• Adler Sophie, Université de la Réunion (REU)
• Verdeil Jean-Luc, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Lartaud Marc, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Fock-Bastide Isabelle, Université de la Réunion (REU)
• Joët Thierry, IRD (FRA)
• Conejero Geneviève, INRA (FRA)
• Noirot Michel, IRD (REU)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/573264/)

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