Field evaluation of the effectiveness of thermotherapy against cassava mosaic disease in Central African Republic

Zinga Innocent, Chiroleu Frédéric, Kamba Emmanuel, Giraud-Carrier Charlotte, Harimalala Mireille Aurélie, Kosh Komba Eprhem, Yandia Simplice Prosper, Semballa Silla, Reynaud Bernard, Dintinger Jacques, Lefeuvre Pierre, Lett Jean-Michel. 2014. Field evaluation of the effectiveness of thermotherapy against cassava mosaic disease in Central African Republic. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 4 (11) : 1232-1242.

https://doi.org/10.9734/ajea/2014/10275

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Résumé : Aim: The effectiveness of thermotherapy in managing cassava mosaic disease (CMD) was studied on a susceptible local cultivar in the field in the epidemiological conditions. Study Design: The field was laid out in randomized complete block design Place and Duration: Field experiment was conducted in forest zone at Kapou located in south west of Central African Republic according to University of Bangui during August 2010 and July 2011. Methodology: Diseased cassava cuttings were treated in a heated water bath at temperatures ranging from 43ºC to 51ºC for 30 min before being grown for 12 months in the field. Results: Temperatures from 43ºC to 49ºC were found to have no deleterious effect on either the survival of cuttings or on plant regeneration. One month after planting (MAP), up to 40% of the cuttings treated at 47ºC to 49ºC had regenerated a plant with no CMD symptoms compared to 7% of untreated cuttings. Between two and five MAP, cassava cuttings treated at 49ºC produced plants with a significantly lower incidence of CMD than plants produced from untreated cuttings. All plants grown from treated cuttings developed significantly less severe CMD symptoms than untreated cuttings between 8 and 12 months after planting. The highest tuberous root yield was obtained with diseased cuttings treated at 49ºC (4.7kg/plant), equivalent to the yield from untreated symptomless cuttings (4.6kg/plant). Conclusion: Our data clearly demonstrate the value of thermotherapy to maintain a high level of production using local cultivars under severe CMD epidemic conditions.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Manihot esculenta, traitement thermique, rendement des cultures, Bemisia tabaci, virus mosaïque manioc

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : République centrafricaine

Mots-clés complémentaires : Mosaïque du manioc, African cassava mosaic virus

Mots-clés libres : Manihot esculenta, Cassava mosaic disease, Sanitation, Thermotherapy, Incidence, Severity and yield, Central African Republic

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

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