Ecology of avian influenza virus in wild birds in tropical Africa

Gaidet Nicolas. 2016. Ecology of avian influenza virus in wild birds in tropical Africa. Avian Diseases, 60 (1s) : 296-301.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : VETERINARY SCIENCES

Résumé : Several ecological factors have been proposed to describe the mechanisms whereby host ecology and the environment influence the transmission of Avian Influenza Viruses (AIV) in wild birds, including bird's foraging behavior, migratory pattern, seasonal congregation, the rate of recruitment of juvenile birds and abiotic factors. However these ecological factors are derived from studies that have been conducted in temperate or boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere. These factors cannot be directly translated to tropical regions where differences in host ecology and seasonality may produce different ecological interactions between wild birds and AIV. An extensive dataset of AIV detection in wildfowl and shorebirds sampled across tropical Africa was used to analyze how the distinctive ecological features of Afro-tropical regions may influence the dynamics of AIV transmission in wild birds. The strong seasonality of rainfall and surface area of wetlands allows testing how the seasonality of wildfowl ecology (reproduction phenology and congregation) is related to AIV seasonal dynamics. The diversity of the African wildfowl community provides the opportunity to investigate the respective influence of migratory behavior, foraging behavior and phylogeny on species variation in infection rate. Large aggregation sites of shorebirds in Africa allow testing for the existence of AIV infection hotspots. We found that the processes whereby host ecology influence AIV transmission in wild birds in the Afro-tropical context operate through ecological factors (seasonal drying of wetlands, extended and non-synchronized breeding periods) that are different to the one described in temperate regions, hence resulting in different patterns of AIV infection dynamics.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Influenzavirus aviaire, animal sauvage, oiseau, zone tropicale, épidémiologie, transmission des maladies, écologie animale, migration animale, variation saisonnière, oiseau aquatique, phylogénie, relation hôte pathogène, surveillance épidémiologique

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Afrique tropicale

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L20 - Écologie animale

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Gaidet Nicolas, CIRAD-ES-UPR AGIRs (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/578713/)

Métriques

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