In vitro cryopreservation of date palm caulogenic meristems

Fki Lotfi, Chkir O., Kriaa Walid, Nasri Ameni, Baklouti Emna, Masmoudi R., Rival Alain, Drira Noureddine, Panis Bart. 2017. In vitro cryopreservation of date palm caulogenic meristems. In : Date palm biotechnology protocols. Volume 2: Germplasm conservation and molecular breeding. Al-Khayri Jameel M.(ed.), Jain S. Mohan (ed.), Johnson Dennis V. (ed.). New York : Humana Press, 39-48. (Methods in Molecular Biology, 1638) ISBN 978-1-4939-7158-9

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7159-6_4

Chapitre d'ouvrage ; Article de recherche

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Résumé : Cryopreservation is the technology of choice not only for plant genetic resource preservation but also for virus eradication and for the efficient management of large-scale micropropagation. In this chapter, we describe three cryopreservation protocols (standard vitrification, droplet vitrification, and encapsulation vitrification) for date palm highly proliferating meristems that are initiated from vitro-cultures using plant growth regulator-free MS medium. The positive impact of sucrose preculture and cold hardening treatments on survival rates is significant. Regeneration rates obtained with standard vitrification, encapsulation-vitrification, and droplet-vitrification protocols can reach 30, 40, and 70%, respectively. All regenerated plants from non-cryopreserved or cryopreserved explants don't show morphological variation by maintaining genetic integrity without adverse effect of cryogenic treatment. Cryopreservation of date palm vitro-cultures enables commercial tissue culture laboratories to move to large-scale propagation from cryopreserved cell lines producing true-to-type plants after clonal field-testing trials. When comparing the cost of cryostorage and in-field conservation of date palm cultivars, tissue cryopreservation is the most cost-effective. Moreover, many of the risks linked to field conservation like erosion due to climatic, edaphic, and phytopathologic constraints are circumvented.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Phoenix dactylifera, cryoconservation, méristème, encapsulation, vitrification, culture de méristème, culture in vitro

Mots-clés libres : S Cryopreservation, Caulogenic meristems, Encapsulation, Vitrification

Classification Agris : F02 - Multiplication végétative des plantes
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale
H20 - Maladies des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

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