Oak genome reveals facets of long lifespan

Plomion Christophe, Aury Jean-Marc, Amselem Joelle, Leroy Thibault, Murat Florent, Duplessis Sébastien, Faye Sébastien, Francillonne Nicolas, Labadie Karine, Le Provost Grégoire, Lesur Isabelle, Bartholome Jérôme, Faivre-Rampant Odile, Kohler Annegret, Leplé Jean-Charles, Chantret Nathalie, Chen Jun, Diévart Anne, et al.. 2018. Oak genome reveals facets of long lifespan. Nature Plants, 4 : 440-452.

Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJEB19898?show=analyses

Quartile : Outlier, Sujet : PLANT SCIENCES

Résumé : Oaks are an important part of our natural and cultural heritage. Not only are they ubiquitous in our most common landscapes1 but they have also supplied human societies with invaluable services, including food and shelter, since prehistoric times2. With 450 species spread throughout Asia, Europe and America3, oaks constitute a critical global renewable resource. The longevity of oaks (several hundred years) probably underlies their emblematic cultural and historical importance. Such long-lived sessile organisms must persist in the face of a wide range of abiotic and biotic threats over their lifespans. We investigated the genomic features associated with such a long lifespan by sequencing, assembling and annotating the oak genome. We then used the growing number of whole-genome sequences for plants (including tree and herbaceous species) to investigate the parallel evolution of genomic characteristics potentially underpinning tree longevity. A further consequence of the long lifespan of trees is their accumulation of somatic mutations during mitotic divisions of stem cells present in the shoot apical meristems. Empirical4 and modelling5 approaches have shown that intra-organismal genetic heterogeneity can be selected for6 and provides direct fitness benefits in the arms race with short-lived pests and pathogens through a patchwork of intra-organismal phenotypes7. However, there is no clear proof that large-statured trees consist of a genetic mosaic of clonally distinct cell lineages within and between branches. Through this case study of oak, we demonstrate the accumulation and transmission of somatic mutations and the expansion of disease-resistance gene families in trees.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Quercus, génome, résistance aux maladies, résistance aux organismes nuisibles, conservation des ressources génétiques

Classification Agris : K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
H20 - Maladies des plantes
P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Plomion Christophe, INRA (FRA) - auteur correspondant
• Aury Jean-Marc, CEA (FRA)
• Amselem Joelle, INRA (FRA)
• Leroy Thibault, INRA (FRA)
• Murat Florent, INRA (FRA)
• Duplessis Sébastien, INRA (FRA)
• Faye Sébastien, CEA (FRA)
• Francillonne Nicolas, INRA (FRA)
• Labadie Karine, Institut de génomique (FRA)
• Le Provost Grégoire, Université de Bordeaux (FRA)
• Lesur Isabelle, INRA (FRA)
• Bartholome Jérôme, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-0855-3828
• Faivre-Rampant Odile, INRA (FRA)
• Kohler Annegret, INRA (FRA)
• Leplé Jean-Charles, INRA (FRA)
• Chantret Nathalie, INRA (FRA)
• Chen Jun, Uppsala University (SWE)
• Diévart Anne, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-9460-4638
• et al.

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/588765/)

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